Essay on Researching the World of Plastic Surgery

Researching the World of Plastic Surgery In the creation of our beings, we are blessed, and sometimes cursed with features we, as freethinkers, might not otherwise have chosen for ourselves. Certain circumstances however, may arise on the journey known as life, forcing us to reconstruct these features in an effort to construct normal, healthy, lives. Often, we are compelled to reconstruct these features in an effort to enhance an otherwise normal, healthy life. For the individual unaware of the pros and cons, in regards to the acquisition of cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery; I produce this composition in an attempt to inform you, the reader; as well as to expand upon my limited knowledge of this field. In†¦show more content†¦Evolved medical research along with recent technological advances have made it possible for surgeons to create a breast that compares in form and appearance to matching a natural breast. Often, breast reconstruction is possible immediately following breast removal, so the patient wakes up with a breast mound already in place allowing them to be spared the feeling and/or sight of having no breast at all. When implants are used, there is a remote possibility that an infection will develop, In some instances, the implant may need to be removed for several months until the infection clears. After extensive tests, a new implant(s) can later be inserted. (Plasticsurgery.org) The most common problem, capsular contracture, occurs if the scar or capsule around the implant begins to tighten. This causes the breast to feel hard. There are many operations used to treat capsular contracture, and can include either removal or scoring of the scar tissue, or even removal or replacement of the implant. Breast reconstruction has no known determining factor in the reoccurrence of disease in the breast, and does not generally interfere with chemotherapy or radiation treatment, should cancer recur. Periodic mammograms on both the reconstructed and the remaining normal breast are recommended by most physicians. In an effort to preserve an individual’s sense ofShow MoreRelatedThe Demand And Acceptance For Plastic Surgery1524 Words   |  7 Pages the demand and acceptance for plastic/cosmetic surgery has changed. The market for plastic surgery has exploded as the procedures become more affordable and less invasive. The general public is beginning to see this as an acceptable solution when age begins to have a visible impact on a person’s sense of physical beauty. Today, according to the Freedonia Group (2004), the US plastic surgery market is, currently, over $1 billion. â€Å"US demand for cosmetic surgery products will grow 11.2 percentRead MoreBen Carson1647 Words   |  7 PagesHands that keep on Giving By Denise Lewis English 1101 Ms. Crosson 8 September 2009 Outline Thesis: Ben Carson has accomplished many triumphs as a skilled surgeon, humanitarian and author. I. Ben Carson innovational surgeries: A. The intra-uterine procedure in is used to relieve pressure on the brain. B. He was the first to perform this procedure on a hydrocephalic fetal twin C. Today it is known as the Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt or VP Shunt. Read MoreThree Dimensional Printing Essay750 Words   |  3 PagesLarry Hornbeck created digital light processing in 1987. Hornbeck invented the digital micro mirror device, first used for cinema projectors. This micro mirror device can be used for digital light processing, which uses arc lamps to harden a liquid plastic resin. Digital light processing is a low cost method and reduces waste. Selective laser melting uses a high-power laser beam to fuse and melt metallic powders. The laser fully melts the powder into a solid 3D object. Selective laser melting usesRead MoreMedias Influence of Plastic Surgery581 Words   |  2 PagesAs the world continues to evolve, plastic surgery is becoming increasingly more acceptable. Since I am a journalism and film and video major, I always try to connect things back to how the media play a role in the issue. I believe that the media has an effect on people in a numerous of ways. It is very persuasive, and it sends messages to people without b eing completely obvious all of the time. So why not the same with cosmetic surgery? A lot of teenagers are starting to see cosmetic surgery as anRead MoreTypes Of Cosmetic Surgery And How They Are Affected By Body Image1862 Words   |  8 PagesThe Types of Cosmetic Surgery and How They Are Affected by Body Image Studies have shown that, 14.6 million cosmetic plastic surgery procedures were performed in 2012. â€Å"As cosmetic economic indicators such as auto, retail, and home sales saw gains in 2012 – so too did plastic surgery† (www.plasticsurgery.org). This statistic has proved that across the United States people are being affected with the opinion and views formed based off of Body Image. Throughout the years, the ideas of body image haveRead MoreEssay on The Trouble With Ambiguous Genitalia1143 Words   |  5 Pagesinteresting. And then: Wait. Whats a hermaphrodite again? In beginning my research, more so at that point to figure out for myself what a hermaphrodite actually was than to begin researching my paper, I had a hard time turning anything up. I talked aloud to myself, to my computer, and to the hermaphrodites of the world. Where are you guys? I wondered. And then I found them. Or rather, they sought me out, grabbed me by my shirt collar and said, Hey listen up, girl. Dont call me that. Read MoreMy Best Year At Paideia961 Words   |  4 PagesThis has been my most varied year at Paideia. I covered topics that I would’ve never expected. In fact rather than being handed project ideas I came up with a lot of my own. I worked From humanism to cosmetic surgery, I’ve really explored the educational field. This has been my best year in math. We started the year covering exponents, which thoroughly enjoyed working with. The concept initially confused me but after some practice and explanation I soaked it up. Another big part of math this yearRead MoreIs There Pressure On Girls To Have Perfect Bodies. From1826 Words   |  8 Pagesthe more likes you get the more you feel liked. A study conducted by Florida State University found that a group of women who were asked to browse Facebook for 20 minutes experienced greater body dissatisfaction than those who spent 20 minutes researching rainforest cats online. (Weiner 2) Claire Mysko an award winning author and expert on body image, leadership and media literacy explains: â€Å"While social media is not the cause of low self-esteem, it has all the right elements to contribute to itRead MoreThe Negative Influence of Media on Young Women1531 Words   |  6 Pageson the relationship between thin-ideal beauty and body dissatisfaction, eating d isorders, low self-esteem. Therefore they concluded there is a link between the exposure to thin-ideal beauty and women’s concern about body image. However, when researching what impact media has on young women’s body image, cultivation theory and social competition theory should be considered, as we can get a better understanding of it. George Gerbner (1998) explain cultivation theory as ‘the independent contributionsRead MoreHow Technology Has Revolutionized The Era Of The World Essay1331 Words   |  6 Pagespossible and from that point we built upon the computer, maximizing what can be put out with a monitor, a hard drive and a keyboard. As the years move on we see an approach by many companies to simplify and improve how we interact with the technological world. We see improvements to help us navigate through the web much easier rather than learning code to decode the information given. In modern America, we have seen Google, a multibillion dollar company make attempts to achieve artificial intelligence.

Cosmological Arguments On The Existence Of A God - 2212 Words

For thousands of years man has pondered a question. A question that is very important as the answer affects everything that mankind knows about morality, the universe, and the meaning of life itself. This question has been asked by men and women from all walks of life and it would seem that for every question answered concerning this topic a dozen more arise. Philosophers to Scientists to Kings have all pondered this question and this question is whether or not God exists. Now there are various conceptions of God within philosophy, but the most simple and widely accepted definition would likely be a â€Å"metaphysically necessary being.† That will be the definition of God for this paper. Numerous arguments have been put forth for and against the existence of a God, and some can be grouped together according to their type. Examples of these arguments range from teleological arguments to axiological arguments to cosmological arguments (to name a few). The following paper will fo cus on cosmological arguments, in particular the Argument from Contingency. Ancient philosophers would look at the stars and would marvel at their beauty and would point to their structure as an indication of the order within the universe. These ancient thinkers would take this as a sign of the existence of gods/god. With time came those who put forth arguments that drew from what was seen in the night sky to argue for the existence of their god/gods. Notable names like Plato and Aristotle are just a fewShow MoreRelatedThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning the existence of God. If God exists, we probably have to make him accountable. The universe would probably have a meaning and a purpose. Also, our very existence may not be cease after physical death. But if God does not exist, we are probably here by chance and we have no accountability to any transcendent. This life is probably all we have, so we should live as we please. T he question arises - Does God exist? At first glance, it seems contradictory to prove the existence of somethingRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1416 Words   |  6 PagesThe cosmological argument for the existence of god According to St. John 8:31-32 said, â€Å"If you remain in my word, you will truly be my disciples, and you will know the truth and the truth shall set you free†. This sentence is come from the bible, but I am not a christian, so I do not really understand what this means. I guess it was talking about if people believe in god, and trust his words, and in the end the will get the freedom. For many of christians, they believes in god, but many ofRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1444 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the existence of God; the Cosmological Argument is one such theory. The Cosmological Argument has been changed and reviewed for years; however, the focus has always stayed the same. The universe is a prime example that there is a God. A simple Cosmological argument states that: Everything that exists has a cause of its existence. The universe exists. Therefore, The universe has a cause of its existence. If the universe has a cause of its existence, then that cause is God. Therefore, God existsRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument For The Existence Of God1957 Words   |  8 Pagesinsist there is no evidence for the existence of God while maintaining religious faith is fundamentally irrational. This paper will examine the KalÄ m Cosmological Argument (KCA), demonstrating that it offers strong evidence for the existence of God, thereby providing a rational foundation for the Christian faith. Background The cosmological argument is, â€Å"a family of arguments that seek to demonstrate the existence of a Sufficient Reason or First Cause of the existence of the cosmos.† Historians traceRead MoreEssay on The Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God996 Words   |  4 Pages The Cosmological Argument attempts to prove that God exists by showing that there cannot be an infinite number of regressions of causes to things that exist. It states that there must be a final uncaused-cause of all things. This uncaused-cause is asserted to be God. Arguments like this are thought up to recognize why we and the universe exist. The Cosmological Argument takes several forms but is basically represented below. Cosmological Argument ThingsRead More The History of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1341 Words   |  6 Pagesof the Cosmological Argument were developed by the world renowned philosophers Plato and Aristotle between the years 400 and 200 BC (Boeree). Medieval philosopher Saint Thomas Aquinas expanded upon their ideas in the late 13th Century when he wrote, â€Å"The Five Ways.† Since then the Cosmological Argument has become one of the most widely accepted and criticized arguments for the existence of God. My objective in this paper is to explain why the Cosmological Argument is a reasonable argument for theRead MoreClarke s Cosmological Argument On The Existence Of God1648 Words   |  7 Pages Clarke’s Cosmological argument has been around for multiple centuries—the purpose of this argument being to try to prove the existence of God. Although this argument sounds valid—meaning that â€Å"IF premises 1 and 2 are true, then the conclusion must be true† — while many people have accepted this argument, it has also caused a lot of questioning and skepticism, mainly because of what the Cosmological Argument uses to support its argument—the Principle of Sufficient reason. Before determining whetherRead More The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God804 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument seeks to prove the existence of God by looking at the universe. It is an A posteriori proof based on experience and the observation of the world not logic so the outcome is probable or possible not definite. The argument is in three forms; motion, causation and being. These are also the first three ways in the five ways presented by Aquinas through which he believed the existence of God couldRead MoreThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1561 Words   |  7 PagesThe Various Forms of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God The cosmological argument is a well established argument for the existence of God and it is also known as the first cause argument. The cosmological argument is based upon the belief that there is a first cause behind the existence of universe and this was God. It has taken many forms and in the past has been presented in many ways. So many philosophers have put their points across, philosophers like; Read MoreThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God1061 Words   |  5 PagesThe Key Ideas of the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God A) The cosmological argument is to prove the existence of god. In this type of argument we are looking at cause and not design. This type of argument is an aposteriori argument because it is based upon experience. Thomas Aquinas puts the key ideas into 3 ways. First way is, motion/change. Nothing can move by itself or change itself. The first thing to have moved must have been moved by something else and

Financial Accounting for Woolworths

Question: Discuss about the Financial Accounting for Woolworths. Answer: The consolidated and distinct annual financial statement for Woolworths is prepared because of the historical cost unless otherwise indicated. The accounting policies set out by the company is constantly applied to all the years in the consolidated and separate annual financial statement. The consolidated financial statements of the group include the assets, liabilities and outcomes of all companies over which it has control (Deegan 2013). It is noteworthy to denote that group has controls over the unit when they are exposed to the rights of inconstant revenues from its engagement with the unit and having the capability to create an impact those revenues with the help of its influence to direct the functions of the organisation. The property plant and equipment are measured based on the cost after deducting the amount of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Property, plant and equipment are tested for purpose of impairment based on the policies of impairment of non-financi al assets. The company aligns its accounting strategy for impairment of property, plant and equipment from its continuing operations. The accounting approximations of valuable lives demands noteworthy judgement of the management and it is reviewed yearly. Wherever the useful life is identified, the net amount of written value of the assets is depreciated commencing from the day of alteration in agreement with the reviewed useful life (Nobes 2014). Upon assessing the freehold properties of Woolworths, it was based on the combination of external and internal market value. Woolworths reclassifies its comparative amount to be in conformity with the current period presentation so that it reflects a better financial position and performance. References Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Nobes, C., 2014.International Classification of Financial Reporting 3e. Routledge. References

title ix Essays (749 words) - Gender Equality,

Title IX was a major step forward for all of us. It was much more then just sports, it also was about women having equal rights when it came to our education. When faced with a essay about my personal beliefs, a lot comes to mind. In order to find a article that would be legitimate for this assignment, I thought long and hard. Title IX serves against discrimination of any kind, specifically with sex.?It the reason why women have the right to play sports in college and all around the world. I don?t see anything wrong with the amendment because I believe that women should have the right to participate in sport. I can understand if they weren?t permitted to do physical or strenuous activities such as football and wrestling because men or boys are better suited for these activities. In my article it talk about how male athletes on college campuses say they're losing out to women by the way Title IX is being enforced. Now on a college varsity teams, there are now five times as many women as there were in 1972. Man college sport are being cut because it cost to much. It hurt males who by nature enjoy sports more than women. How can you say it is a good thing when women have been offered scholarships for sports that don?t bring a lot of income to the table. I personally think that some sport should be cute if the don?t have a source of income. I think Title IX is being enforce the wrong way. For example, football is the number one source of income for the school. One must realize that this sport will help pay for many things in the athletic department, including other sports. But if there is a school that happens to have a women?s volleyball program that does bring money to the school. it is very easy to see why the volleyball program still exists just because of Title X. Logically, I believe school should dump a program that does not have a very good run and is not driving in a successful amount of income. if a program is not holding it own, they should be cut off.? Due to the law in place by Title IX, it makes it almost impossible to simply drop a sport of the opposite sex. I agree that women should have the right to participate in sport but Title X give them too much right. As stated earlier, when one sport, like football drives in a huge amount of income, this money does not solely stay in the football department.?This income gets filtered down to different sports within the university. To make a story short and simplified, a very popular and very successful sport is going to be funding an all-around less successful sport specifically because Title IX mandates that there be an equal opportunity for both genders when male sport provide the most income. Oregon has very successful track programs on both the men?s and women?s sides.? On any given year, there is a more than fair chance that both men?s and women?s track programs of Oregon will win the pack 10. I guess the point I am trying to make here is that Oregon has many successful sports. Al so Oregon has a football team that very successful. There is no doubt in my mind that football and track at Oregon probably funded a lot of the money. This is not right, in my opinion. If a sport is not pulling its own weight over a consistant and lengthy amount of time, it should be cut off.?It is not fair to the women?s or the men?s track program to have to pay for another sport that does not give anything in return. I think that it is important to give an equal opportunity to both sexes, but not at the expense of higher grossing sports.? It may be a good idea to cut some unyielding sports, either men or women, if the opportunity presented itself, in order to further move along a successful program. Money from an unsuccessful sport will be able to help a successful sport stay on top. I

Stanford Prison Experiment and Ethics Essay Example

Stanford Prison Experiment and Ethics Paper Ethics and the Stanford Prison Experiment by Philipp Zimbardo In 1971 Philipp Zimbardo carried out one of the most ethically controversial psychological experiment the ‘Stanford Prison Experiment’. Originally he aimed to study how much our behavior is structured by the social role we occupy. Describing the study briefly 24 undergraduates with no criminal and psychological record were chosen for the research to play the roles of prisoners and guards in a mock prison situated in the basement of Stanford University Psychology Building, equipped by hidden cameras and microphones. As the lead researcher, Zimbardo was observing the events from a different room, giving instructions to the guards. The research was supposed to last about two weeks. However, aggressive and violent behavior quickly appeared on the behalf of the group playing the role of the guards, while prisoners became depressed and passive. Ultimately some of the prisoners were subject to torture. Since the participants assimilated with their role rapidly and provided surprising psychological outcome, Dr Zimbardo shot down the research after 5 days. The experiment meant to demonstrate the power of authority, support of the situational attribution of behavior rather than the dispositional attribution. For forty years it was criticized as well as argued when it came to the relation of ethics and psychology. If it would be carried out today it would fail to meet the Ethical Principals of the Psychologist and Code of Conduct of the American Psychological Association. This paper will discuss the main unethical elements of the Stanford Prison Experiment, such as the violation of privacy and confidentiality, physical and mental harm during an experiment and the researcher’s involvement of the warden role. ‘Some psychological studies produce very surprising results for the researchers and the participants. Sometimes the results are so striking that they challenge our explanations of human behavior and human motivation. ’- writes Craig Haney two years after the experiment. We will write a custom essay sample on Stanford Prison Experiment and Ethics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stanford Prison Experiment and Ethics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stanford Prison Experiment and Ethics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Even though the ‘Study of Prisoners and Guards in a Simulated Prison’ only gives a detailed overview of the experiment several unethical treatment can already be observed from the beginning. According to their contract the participants were offered a fifteen-dollar daily payment and were guaranteed basic living needs. In return they were given no instructions of what they shall expect. A few days later Zimbargo obtained the police help to demonstrate the whole arrest of the prisoner group. Participants were captured in their homes unexpectedly by a police car, being handcuffed and charged with crimes. Their pictures as well as their fingerprints were taken; afterwards they were brought to the ‘mock-prison’ blindfolded (p 6). The previously mentioned actions strongly violated their right to privacy. Throughout the experiment participants were put under physical and psychological harm, which strongly would violate the APA code of ethics. Prisoners were not referred by names, but only by numbers and unlike the guards they were not allowed to leave the experiment scene. They spent their days in a 6ft x 9ft prison cell. During the first days the prisoners began to behave according to as they were required rather than using their own judgment and morals. Already on the second day the prisoners suffered humiliation, and punishment. ‘The most striking result of was that apparently normal people could act with abuse and cruelty when placed in a compelling situation. After day one all prisoner’s basic rights became a privilege among them the toilet visits and they were often forced to clean the toilet with their bare hands. (Bredy, Longsdon. p705) The same writing points out how psychological harms had a great impact on the prisoners. On the third day some of the prisoners began to experience severe negative emotions, passive behavior, depression and acute anxiety. Two of them had to be released from the study early. Those prisoners who remained in the mock prison began assimilated with their role and accepted humiliation and abusive treatmen t, as if they deserved it (Bredy, Longson. p 706). Not only the prisoners but the guards as well lost their sense of identity. Later Zimbardo in his writing ‘Pathology of Imprisonment’ mentions that the experiment ‘was no longer apparent to most of the subject where reality ended and their role began’. The majority of the subjects became prisoners and guards and was no longer being able to differentiate between their roles and their personality. (Zimbardo. p. 249) All together psychologically the following were observed: the loss of personal identity on both sides; and the arbitrary control exerted by the guards made the prisoners lives increasingly unpredictable, causing depression and anxiety. The guards also developed a dependency on prisoners and were emasculated them to the extent that when the prisoners were debriefed they suggested that they had been assigned to be prisoners because they were smaller than the guards. In fact, there was no difference in average height between the prisoners and the guards, and the perceived difference was a response to the prisoners perceptions of themselves and their power (Haney et al. p 14). The physical harm was never proven on record however many critics do predict that mental effects of the experience should have generated automatic physical reactions. As an example that supports this idea happened on the fourth day when one guard detained prisoner 436 kept the him in a two-by-two feet closet for the night, without informing the observer researchers about the situation. Guards were instructing other prisoners to continually keep punching the door of the closet where prisoner 436 was put in. Eventually they tried to persuade the other prisoners that the only way the closet would open and their peer will be free if they give up their blankets and slept on their mattresses. Only one of the prisoners refused to do that. Bradey, Longsdon. p706) From this sense it shall be quickly concluded that prisoners were also under physical harassments, once guards did adopt the negative attitude towards them, their aggression increased. The other main concern is why the researchers did not end the experiment when they saw what was happening in this stimulated prison? After all these ethical and moral violation the experiment continued for six days . As Zimbardo admitted, he also became immersed with his role of his role of being the instructor, providing orders to the guards. He could no longer objectively fulfill his role of lead researcher, (Harney et al. p. 18) still he carried on with the process, knowing that the participants did not realize that they could leave the mock-prison whenever they wanted. When they were asked whether they wish to be released without receiving the amount on the contract, they said yes, but still returned to their cell when they were ordered following this discussion. By then they lost their real identity and voluntarily continued to be carry on the with the prisoner role. On the other hand, guards did no realize that they could leave their role either. Many of them expressed their interest to continue the experiment without payment; in fact many of them enjoyed their role of authority and were accepting more and more night shifts. Similar to the guards and to the prisoners Zimbardo also failed to recognize the ability to leave the experiment at the early stage. Simply he was not able to remain an observer in his own experiment as him became internalized. (Zimbardo, 256) The experiment was stopped when Christina Machlack a graduate student was invited to observe the event for a short period of time and was asked to express her opinion about it. She walked around a yard and talk to a guard. When she sat down behind the hidden cameras, saw the same guard she just recently had a conversation with, she was frightened. In her memoire she writes: â€Å"This man had been transformed. He was talking in a different accent, a Southern accent, which I hadn’t recalled at all. He moved differently and the way he talked was different, not just in the accent, but in the way he was interacting with the prisoners. It was like (seeing) Jekyll and Hyde†¦It really took my breath away. † (Stanford Prison Experiment, Still Powerful After All These Years) Zimbardo concluded that the situation caused the behavior of the participants rather than anything inherent in their individual personality. Four out of the twelve guards were diagnosed with genuine sadistic tendencies. Still, some guards showed sympathy and even tried to help the prisoners. Zimbardo did follow up with the participants following the experiment. All the 24 person were convinced that they have acted under the role and believed that they fulfilled the roles as they were accepted to. As for today there is no record what the experiment caused in their long-term mental health. ( Shaugnessy,p. 137) It is essential to mention that the US Office Naval Research, Marine Corps, and the US Navy provided the funds for the experiments in order to study the relationship between military guards and prisoners. Zimbardo did not consider his experiment unethical. As he stated ‘it had unethical elements’. According to him the experiment was ethically sound, since various ethic committees approved it. ‘It followed the guidelines of the Stanford human subjects ethics committee that approved it. There was no deception; all subjects were told in advance that if prisoners, many of their usual rights would be suspended and they would have only minimally adequate diet and health care during the study,’- he said. Which was planned to last two weeks. However, he did mention that: ‘it was unethical because people suffered and others were allowed to inflict pain and humiliation on their fellows over an extended period of time’ (Stanford Prison Experiment, Still Powerful After All These Years). Maltreatment of prisoners takes place all over the world. These unethical issues were vividly discussed in 2004 when the Guantanamo Bay prisoner torture pictures were released. Many scholars found the similarities between the Guantanamo and the Stanford Prison case event. The only difference was that in the 21st century, no one justified the behavior of the US guards in Guantamo. The ill treatment of the guards was clearly declared unethical worldwide. As the study of psychology grew over the years, more rules have been created regarding its research and its practice. The APA ethical guidelines were enacted in 1992, with strong ethical rules concerning physical and mental harm during an experiment in addition to respecting basic human rights. Hence, as of today no such an experiment could take place within the Ethical Code of the American Psychologist Association. Harley’s article describes the experiment as the events occurred day, by day. It started as a simple behavioral research in order to study prison behavior. The ethical issues began to be pointed out by Bradey and Longsdon who in their writing guides us through the physiological and physical harm occurred during the prison experiment, including the mental abuses of the prisoners and the guards obsession with sudden authority. Zimbardo in his writing of ‘Pathology of Imprisonment’ briefly mentions his own experience regarding the Stanford research, providing us to be able to look at the situation as subjective participant rather than an experimenter. As the paper shows, not only the prisoners or the guards, but he himself, an experienced psychologist failed to differentiate between his warden role and his personality. Shaugnessy’s work is the most recent one, written in the 21th century, when the medical and psychological moral and ethical code was already given universal guidelines and rules. It is logical that Shaugnessy is describing the failure of several ethical issues and criticizes the experiment as a whole. Last but not least, the Stanford News Service provided the interviews and small memoires of the discussed prison study. As the articles and their topics also shows moral and ethical values were different in the medical sphere decades before. As for today, analyzing the connection of ethics and the Stanford Prison Experiment the participants were treated unethical for the people right from the beginning. Participants were not given the opportunity nor given instructions to decide over the acceptance of all the risks involved in the experiment. They were clearly deprived from their basic rights and were subjected to mental and physical harm without realizing they can end the temporary situation. Work Cited Brady, F. Neil, Logsdon, Jeanne M.. (1988). Zimbardos Standard Prison Experiment And The Relevance O. Journal of Business Ethics, 7(9), 703. Retrieved December 12, 2011, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID: 572750). Zimbardo, P, 1982, ‘Pathology of Imprisonment’. In d Krebs (ed. ), Readings in Social Psychology: Contemporary Perspectives, Second Ed. (Harper Row, New York, NY) p. 249-251 Haney, C. , Banks, W. C. Zimbardo, P. G. (1973). A study of prisoners and guards in a simulated prison. Naval Research Review, 30, 4-17. Shaughnessy, J. J. , Zechmeister, E. B. , Zechmeister, J. S. (2006). ‘Research Methods’ in Psychology Seventh Edition. Boston: McGraw Hill. ‘Stanford Prison Experiment Still Powerful After All These Years’. Stanford University News Service. August 1. 1997. Stanford. California

Siddartha Essays

Siddartha Essays Siddartha Essay Siddartha Essay Essay Topic: Siddhartha Siddartha’s life-from birth to enlightenment to death is entwined with scriptures based on his teachings; together they form the essence of the Buddhist tradition. Siddhartha set out on his quest at a time of great spiritual ferment in India, when ascetic philosophers and wandering sages were debating fundamental questions that remained central to the Indian religious traditions through subsequent centuries. Four stages to Siddartha`s quest Siddhartha undertook a quest that was split into four main parts. These are understanding, escape from self, knowledge of self, and wisdom, (enlightenment). The first part, understanding, involved him living with his father who was a brahmin. Siddhartha realized that he made everybody else happy but that he himself was not.   He also got the feeling that he had already learned the best of what his teachers had to teach but it still was not enough.   He still was not satisfied. It was after meditating with Govinda that he realized what he had to do.   In an attempt to reach the arrows goal, he would leave his father to join the Samanas who he thought had the secrets to finding the self. With the Samanas, Siddhartha learned many ways to escape the self.   He would do this through meditation, abandonment of the body, fasting, and the holding of breath. He abandoned his body through these ways many times but would still always come back to being Self and Siddhartha. He would come back to feel the torment of that life cycle. Siddhartha soon found out that he was, in fact, going in circles. He saw that he was not gaining any knowledge from temporary escape but he would come back and find everything as it was before. This caused him not to believe in the Samanas practices and eventually resulted in Siddhartha leaving the Samanas to find spiritual enlightenment elsewhere. The third stage in Siddharthas quest was the knowledge of self. Siddhartha thought that if he were to just follow the teachings and not experience them for himself that he would deceive himself into believing that he was at peace when he actually was not. He decided to leave his friend and find his self through experience. It was afterwards when he had on his own the spiritual awakening. The fourth stage in Siddharthas quest was wisdom (enlightenment). Siddhartha came to the river wanting above all to gain experience himself. He did not know then the importance of the river. When he was there, there was a ferryman who said, Certainly, I have learned that from the river too; everything comes back.   All he wanted to do was put an end to his painful life but right when he was about to, he heard a sound that he had remembered from his childhood- Om. It was remembering of the indestructibleness of life that marked another new beginning for Siddhartha. He now knew that time was irrelevant and that the world of appearances is transitory. Now he was making a new pilgrimage, this time in rich mans clothes. He came back to the river that he had crossed long ago and met the same ferryman that had been kind to him. During his stay with the ferryman he realized that the river was a symbol of spiritual transition; timelessness, and a teacher of the unity of all things. He had g ained spiritual enlightenment. In the quest novel, there is a story of a young man who sets out in search of his true self.   Throughout the novel, Siddhartha continues to search for the true meaning of life.   He sacrifices everything, almost to the point of self-destruction, before finding what he is really looking for.   The element of conflict helps build the plot and leads to the turning point, Siddharthas discovery. While searching for Enlightenment, Siddhartha explores for the truth. At the dawn on his thirty fifth birthdays, he becomes fully enlightened. The journey is achieved by following the Siddhartha’s Four Nobel Truths; the universality of suffering, the origin of suffering, the overcoming of suffering and the way leading to the suppression of suffering. During his journey, Siddhartha overcomes these conflicts.   While some of them are negative, others prove to be for best.   As a result of his struggles, Siddhartha learns that happiness is not found through intellect, spirit, or commerce alone.   True happiness comes from inner peace and fulfillment.

Evaluation of HRM and Organisation Behaviour Theories Frameworks Coursework - 1

Evaluation of HRM and Organisation Behaviour Theories Frameworks - Coursework Example The paper tells that the ever-changing business environment, increased opportunities and demand for career orientation requires a strategic approach to human resources management. The HR managers must be aware of the skills gap among their employees and identify the need for the essential skills. The success of the organization depends upon the capability of the staff to tap the talents and the skills of the staff. This demands a holistic approach to recruitment and growth and development of people. The difference between success and failure depends upon the recruitment and retaining the right people with the right skills in the right position. Recruitment methods can be formal and informal or active and passive. While the formal methods of recruitment include job centers and press advertisements, the informal methods include a recommendation from the existing staff as well as a personal network of existing employees and others. Word-of-mouth method of recruitment has its own distinc t advantages as the existing employees that recommend new recruits would also ensure that these new recruits are immediately socialized. This is the preferred method of recruitment as it helps reduce employee turnover. The larger firms are more likely to employ the formal methods of recruitment while the smaller firms employ the informal methods of employment. The formal methods are cost-effective for larger firms as they hire in huge numbers. However, the managers are likely to face some adverse situation because those employed through informal methods are likely to receive higher performance appraisals because of the personal involvement (Tanova & Nadiri, 2005). Besides, the employees that are taken in through referrals obtain accurate information about the organization and the job role and hence they have realistic expectations. Nevertheless, the HR managers would need to evaluate the situation and make decisions based on the business environment as the formal methods have their own advantages.

Politics might be improved by more, rather than less marketing Essay

Politics might be improved by more, rather than less marketing. Discuss - Essay Example Marketing within the political realm is something that must be judged in the proper light to start with. The citizens of the state must be apprised of their due role within the country and then they must also be told about the different aspects related with the spreading of message through the right channels. Politics must make citizens stand up and act. They should take notice of what is happening around them and what the different regimes and movements are doing for their own betterment. This means that awareness and a sense of knowing needs to be the buzzword when we explore the true meaning of politics and marketing the same gives the whole discussion a real boost in the related scheme of things. Political marketing aims to look at the positive sides of delivering quality to the end consumers, for whom the politics is being done. The society is the eventual recipient hence it is the duty of the society to find out what is happening around it. The people are a part of this society and they are rightly the winners and/or losers at the end of the day. They must be made aware of the happenings around them when it comes to true political movements, activities, situations and the like. The usage of banners, websites, rallies, advertorials, email messages, sms texts, web portals, newspapers, magazines and even television and radio suggest that political marketing could be a real happening thing in the times much like today. (KELLEY, 1973) What also is suggested by these factors is the belief that there are a number of other avenues and different forms of media which could be explored so as to propagate the message of the political party or the politics as we might put it here. Politics in the world of today is like a relationship. It connects with an individual in much the same way as a family is connected to him. He is

Data Warehouse Business Pla Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Data Warehouse Business Pla - Assignment Example The company’s data management and knowledge by its personnel and use of the internet in data warehouse are clearly explained. Under internet use, web revolution in data warehouse has contributed towards the growth of many business organizations. IT planning and analysis processes are vital in the operation and growth of any company that deals with data warehouse. Lastly, a summary of main areas or factors that contribute towards the success of the company are illustrated in the business plan. Overview and Structure of the Business Data Ware House Business The main activity of data warehouse business is to provide data resources for external public health partners. This is a vital idea because Local Public Health Agencies (LPHA) only targeted the primary stakeholders and need to access county-level data regarding health indicators. Based on the health indicators, the business will determine the content of the warehouse that will enable LPHA to effectively plan and evaluate oper ations (Khan, 2005). Objectives of the Business The first objective of the company is to improve the levels of information accessibility where the public health partners can access information from data warehouse. The second objective is to promote quality decision-making process by the company’s management. ... Activities involved in this stage include gathering or collecting high-level data requirements of the warehouse and evaluating expectations of the various users such as casual and power users. The last stage is the definition of the data warehouse project and its scope. The scope of the business will function as the business plan of the data warehouse that outlines the objectives and the vital success factors of the business (Khan, 2005). The Infrastructure and Information Systems Needs of the Company The infrastructure plan of the data warehouse describes the hardware, software and data networks, which are crucial in providing support to data warehouse. The infrastructure plan is dependent on two factors, the project budget and the results of gap analysis. Architecture of Infrastructure and Information Systems The architecture of infrastructure and information systems is built on telecommunication networks, data warehouses, databases, hardware, software and their procedures that are managed by various specialists (Khan, 2005). Due to the current globalization in business, it is important to put in place extensive planning to maintain the complex infrastructure. Information systems and infrastructure need to be properly set up to create significant options for various corporate initiatives that might involve mergers, transformations, and acquisitions in the global business market (Kerschberg, 2001). Information Services Organization Internal units or outside firms will deliver the information services of the company. The organization of information services characterized by outsourcing is essential in improving the accessibility levels, enhance cost saving and emphasizing the company’s focus on its set goals or

Hyundai-motor-company-report

Hyundai-motor-company-report PART 1: HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY REPORT Business Description Products and Brand: Hyundai Motor Company (hereafter, HMC) formed in 1967, was a part of the South Korean Chaebol the Hyundai Group. In the last four decades, HMC managed to establish itself as a most prominent automaker producing reliable, technically sound and stylish automobiles and commercial vehicles. Headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, HMC opened a new chapter in the history of the Korean automotive industry by exporting its first proprietary model, the Pony, to Ecuador in 1976. In the 1980s, HMC exported the Excel to the U.S. In 1991, HMC achieved technological independence by developing the first propriety engines and transmissions. Currently HMC has 78,539 employees around the world working in eight manufacturing plants, 12 RD centers, 5,300 dealerships and sales companies, and CKD plants. As of 2010, HMC established as a global automaker that produces more than three million high-quality passenger and commercial vehicles for sale in 190 countries each year. By enhancing Brand image through high quality products and unique marketing initiatives, once again, HMC is the first and the only Korean automaker to be listed in the Top 100 Global Brands in 2010 by Business Week and Inter-brand since it first entered the Top 100 Global Brands in 2005. Revenue and Profit: In spite of the persistent uncertainties in recent business conditions, HMC achieved some significant milestones in automaker markets in the past few years. In 2009, HMC succeeded in selling 2.4 million vehicles overseas, a meaningful accomplishment considering the global economic crisis. In particular, Elantra, Genesis, Genesis Coupe, Santa Fe, and Veracruz were recognized as the best sales and safest cars in their categories by leading agencies and the media in the US, also, HMC achieved cumulative export sales of 1 million cars in Africa. HMC pledges continuous growth by maximizing brand value in developed markets and expanding its sales capacity in emerging markets. In 2009, HMC posted 31,859 billion KRW in sales. Operating profits increased by 19% to 2,235 billion KRW. The operating profit margin increased by 1.19% to 7.02%. Net profit surged by 104.5% to 2,962 billion KRW and HMCs total assets increased by 12% to 22,029 billion KRW. Despite increased sales and profits, tax payments to the central and regional government decreased due to corporate tax cuts and increased tax exemptions associated with increased RD investments. Financial Performance 2007 2008 2009 Sales (in billion KRW) 30,620 32,190 31,859 Operating Profit (in billion KRW) 1,946 1,877 2,235 Net Profit (in billion KRW) 1,682 1,448 2,962 Operating Profit Margin (%) 6.36 5.83 7.02 ROE (%) 4.91 7.65 14.21 EBITDA (in billion KRW)* 3,111 3,197 3,649 Total Assets (in billion KRW) 18,203 19,652 22,029 (Source: 2010 Sustainability Report, Based HMC operation result only, * EBITDA =EBIDTA : Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) In 2009, HMC jumped to third on the list of Fortune Korea Top 20 Korean companies and generated 91.46 trillion won in revenue, up 14.7 percent from the year 2008 and 2.97 trillion won in net profit, up 246.7 percent (Source: www. koreatimes.co.kr). In 2010, HMC announced global sales of 3,612,487 units (domestic plants: 1,730,682, overseas plants: 1,881,805). Sales revenue rose 15.4 percent to 36.8 trillion won from a year earlier as the company sold more cars and improved its product mix, while operating profit also rose 44.4% to 3.2 trillion won. Net profit increased 77.8 percent to 5.3 trillion won. Hyundai aims to increase sales and enhance brand image in 2011 by introducing new models specifically designed for local customers. In the next decade, HMC will continue in its endeavor to become a leading global automaker company through driving growth the development of world-class eco-friendly vehicles. HMC is striving to develop environmentally friendly vehicles including hybrid electric vehicles; fuel cell electric vehicle and pursuing two-prolonged Blue Drive initiatives which focus on fuel efficiency and the development of alternative fuel vehicles as a fundamental solution for climate change energy security. In the future, HMC focus on vehicles that run on various bio fuels. For the U.S. and Brazil markets, HMC develops flex-fuel vehicles that run on a mixture of ethanol and gasoline. In Europe, where diesel cars are sold in great proportion, the EU has a set of technical standards for diesel fuels with biodiesel content made of palm, rapeseed, soybean and other plant resources, and all HMCs models are capable of running on diesel fuel mixed with biodiesel. Remarkable success since 2007: In 2007, HMC received National Environmental Management Awards Presidents Prize and sales in US exceed 5 million units; its products i30 selected as Car of the Year in Australia; Accent (Verna) selected as Best Car of the Year by the Indian automobile magazine Overdrive; Azera (Grandeur) ranks first in J.D. Power and Associates consumer satisfaction survey. In 2008, HMC received Global Green Management Excellence Award, Global Reporting Initiative Award; it ranked first in National Customer Service Index (NCSI) for eighth year in a row, Avante (Elantra) exceeds 5 million units in accumulated sales; In 2009, HMC was selected as Best Company in terms of customer satisfaction in the automaker category by a consumer research group in China; it ranked Top 60 in Global Brand Value by Business Week and selected as Best Marketer of the Year in the US; Its product i30 and Grand Starex awarded as Best Cars in Australia for the second consecutive year; TAU engine selected as winner of US Wards AutoWorld 2009 10 Best Engines for the second consecutive year; received Presidential Prize at the 2009 Korea New Technologies Award. In 2010, HMC placed in the Top 100 Global Brands in 2010 based on a joint study conducted by Business Week and Interbrand and was named Carmaker of the Year by AM, UKs leading auto trade magazine, in the AM Awards 2010. The TAU 4.6 engine was selected as a winner of the 2010 10 Best Engines of the US automotive media Wards AutoWorld for the second consecutive year. Corporate Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) was the key issue in company society relations. CSR has taken a core position of Hyundai Motor included three areas: trust-based management, environmental management, and social contribution. For trust-based management, HMC focused on labor relations enhancement, mutually beneficial cooperation with suppliers, ethics management and transparent management. As for environmental management, HMC proactively responded to global trends and environment regulations. For social contribution, HMC enlarged its capacity and obtained expertise to effectively carry out global social contribution projects and participated in volunteering programs, contributed to development of local communities. In 2007, HMC established the Hyundai Motor Global CSR Network with primary production and sales subsidiaries around the world and also laid foundations by promoting global CSR activities and by developing and opening the Global CSR Web site for information exchange. Challenge of sustainability: Sustainable development satisfies the needs of the present generation without compromising the chance for future generations to satisfy theirs Brudtland Report (1987). Enhancement of stakeholder value through achieving economic profits, environmental soundness, and the fulfillment of social responsibilities in corporate activities with a long-term perspective is the goal of sustainable management. To social and political sustainability, HMC has increase value to stakeholders through engagement and collaboration. To economic sustainability, HMC has responded to fast-changing demands of global customers by fully utilizing strategically placed production and RD facilities and fulfilled fundamental responsibility as a corporation by sharing economic value with various stakeholders including shareholders, investors, employees and suppliers. To environmental sustainability, HMC has tackled the twin challenges of climate change and energy security by developing green technology. HMC develops environmentally-friendly vehicles and the establishment of low carbon value chains to achieving reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, HMC has establish ed a comprehensive hazardous materials management system and making effort to minimize impact on air quality. Climate change: Climate change is the most important issue to be tackled among five core Environmental Management Areas including Recycling and reuse, Air pollution, Hazardous materials, Environment Management System, Climate change. Since increased consumers preferences for low carbon products, therefore, HMC has invested a large amount of resources into the vehicle energy efficiency improvement technologies. HMC has established and implemented a comprehensive environmental strategy throughout the entire lifecycle of products. Its Blue Drive is a strategy that focuses on fuel efficiency improvement of vehicles power by internal combustion engine and the supply of zero emission vehicles in the future. Facing to multiplied challenges of climate change, HMC has striving to develop vehicle that run on various bio-fuels and hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicle, environmentally -friendly vehicles and the establishment of low carbon value chains to achieve reduction in green house gas emis sion. As a first achievement, HMC is the worlds first LPG Hybrid vehicle using proprietary technologies in July 2009 and release in the North American market and the domestic market in 2010. Engages with external stakeholders: HMC conducts business in an open transparent manner to earn and maintain the trust of all relevant stakeholders including shareholders and investors, customers, suppliers, government and communities. HMC have been sharing relevant information with all stakeholders via its sustainability report since 2003. HMC also tries to promote fair trade, mutually beneficial transaction with business its partners. With customers, HMC has been operating a customer service center that handles customer complaints and inquiries for improving customer satisfaction, reflect customer opinions about product and service by means of including regularly scheduled customer satisfaction surveys, customer services hotlines. The success of a surprisingly bold campaign with a new assurance program, which guaranteed customers to be able to return newly bought cars with no credit damage in the case they lose their income amid the still prevailing financial crisis. For suppliers, HMC created the Mutually Beneficial Cooperation Fund and a number of win-win supplier support programs designed to ensure shared growth with suppliers. In 2008, HMC signed a fair trade agreement with approximately 2,400 suppliers to further increase fairness and transparency collaboration with parts suppliers its essential in achieving high product quality in automobiles. HMC has made a sustainable effort to maximize shareholders and investors value through the increasing value of HMC by cash dividends most important means of sharing company profits. In 2009, HMC declared cash dividends of 1,150 billion KRW per each common share. HMC also paid taxes to central regional government, local community and social distribution expense and launched tailored social contribution activities, organized an active employee volunteer service program which serves as the driving force for Moving the world together social contribution campaign. In 2009, 25,851domestic employees participated in volunteer community service. In conclusion, HMC is more likely to achieve success in the long term by taking responsibility for the economic, social, ethical and environmental impact of its activities. Crisis Management In 2007, the antitrust agency of Korea fined HMC an amount of $ 25 million for violations in businesses. At the same time, Hyundai chairman Chung Mong-koo came before the court for corrupting from funds $ 96 million and damage more than $ 224 million from 2000 to 2006 to bribe officials for Hyundai facilitate urban expansion in southern of Seoul. This incident influenced a lot to the company, especially in long-term strategy, reputation and revenue. The global automotive markets which expanded rapidly over the past five years from 2002 to 2007 had sharply declines from the fall of 2008 in consequence of the financial crisis. Under extremely severe conditions, automakers run a race for survival in the global market. To respond to the crisis, HMC and other automotive manufacturers must solve liquidity problems urgently and reduction in production cost. And they also have implemented creative marketing strategies to entice reluctant consumers. The global financial downturn in 2008-9 affected European and Asian automotive manufacturers. The automotive industry was weakened by a substantial increase in the prices of automotive fuels linked to the 2003-2008 energy crisis which discouraged purchases of sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pickup trucks which have low fuel economy. With fewer fuel-efficient models to offer to consumers, sales began to slide. By 2008, the situation had turned critical as the credit crunch placed pressure on the prices of raw materials. The result of the 2008-9 international financial crisis impact almost economic sectors and left a number of banks and other financial institution in severe difficulties, forcing some to collapse. As a result, inter-bank, corporate and personal lending was drastically reduces, share price fell, and all the companies found themselves in financial difficulty. The world economic downturn led to falling sale and profit, exchange rate and share prices and a shortage of credit finance for business and consumers, unemployment and social hardship. As a result, automotive industry is one of the first industries to suffer from the 2008-9 world recession. Clearly, consumers incomes were falling, business were cutting down on their purchases, credit was in short supply, thus consumers exercised caution and either bought a used car instead a new one. It is not therefore surprising that there was a significant fall in the demand for new cars. In some country, Government responded to the situation by offering financial incentives to persuade consumers to buy new cars. So HMC focused on making effort to make economizing fuel vehicles with minimize cost to respect customers need and have implemented creative marketing strategies to entice reluctant consumers as most experienced double-digit percentage declines in sales. Although the worlds automotive market remains sluggish, and some of the worlds largest carmakers have been sorely tested on how to survive, HMC has weathered the global crisis relatively well. In the midst of the global crisis, Hyundai planned a standalone strategy, because their product line up is not expected to synergistic effects through MA. Despite difficult market conditions, in 2010, HMC succeeded in increasing its sales and strengthening its internal capacity. Strategy over the past few years HMC developed five mid-and long-term strategies: global management, higher brand values, business innovation, environmental management, and strengthening product competitiveness. Especially, HMC selected environmental management as to meet the needs of markets and to fulfill stakeholder expectations and the society. HMC also intends to promote sustainability development and preservation of the environment. Blue Drive is HMCs low carbon green technology strategy designed to reduce CO2 emissions by boosting fuel efficiency. Blue Drive also stands for HMCs technology development strategy focus on improving fuel efficiency of internal combustion engine-based cars, and with an ultimate goal of developing vehicles with zero CO2 emissions. HMC has focus on three technology areas for improving energy efficiency of the power-train energy efficiency improvement, minimizing energy loss, and creating renewable energy in order to lower CO2 emissions from vehicles. In Europe, HMC succeeded in low CO2 emissions products including the Blue Drive variant of the i30 diesel model, Blue Drive variants, the i10, the i20, the i30, and the Tucson ix blue. In the US, HMC is the most fuel efficient brand with an average combined (passenger vehicle-light truck) fuel efficiency. In the domestic market, a great number of vehicle models including the Click(Getz), the Verna(Accent), the i30, the Avante (Elantra), t he Tucson(Diesel model), and the Santa Fe(diesel model) earned a first class energy efficiency. HMC has expanded its vehicle lineup by including more luxury sedans and eco-friendly cars in order to keep up its strong performance in the U.S. market. HMC sold more than 500,000 vehicles in the USA in 2010 and it is the highest number of cars it has ever sold in a single year since tapping into the U.S. market in 1986. HMC have been aggressively pushing into China as the country has become the worlds largest automobile market. As its first achievement, HMC launched the worlds first LPG-Hybrid vehicles, the Elantra LPi Hybrid, which is developed using proprietary technologies in 2009 and released the Sonata Hybrid in the North American market in 2010 and in the domestic market in 2011. HMCs high product quality innovation was proven in engine technology-the heart of an automobile. Its technical capabilities and the development of high fuel efficiency-related technologies become a true global environmental leader. Under the philosophy of putting quality first, over 5% of its revenues are invested into RD to secure world-leading quality, marketability and technology. HMC has already taken environmentally-friendly investments and research that have resulted in a range of innovative breakthroughs from fuel-saving technology to new materials and responsible treatment of end-of-life vehicles. By adding blast furnaces to its operations, HMC was able to complete what it calls resource circulating business structure that goes from molten iron to automobiles, and from scrap back to unprocessed steel. Since its first concept model Blue Will in 2009 with light-weight bodies made of carbon-fiber, a panoramic sunroof with solar cells minimizing power loss, HMC will launch plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and electric vehicle (NEV) are optimized for in-city use, especially well-fitted for commutes and short trips. Innovative vehicles that pioneer changed in the auto industry through continuous investment in RD and advanced dealer network programs and highly recognized for its sharp sales increase, first-rate dealership programs, and growth in brand awareness. HMC beat other candidates including Ford, Jaguar, and Landrover to be selected as the winner of the coveted title. Vision, Mission, Goals Hyundai Motor Company has grown rapidly to become one of the largest automobile companies with global top five production capability and superior quality, reaching a tipping point the qualitative approach, bringing bigger ideas and relevant solutions to its customers. At this opportunity to move ahead, HMC have developed a new brand slogan that encapsulates the willingness to take the next big step up. Led by new slogan and the thinking behind, HMC will become a company that keep challenging ourselves to open up new possibilities for people and the planet. HMC established a long-term vision of Innovation Humanity and selected five core strategies directions including a global orientation, respect for human values, customer satisfaction, technology innovation and cultural creation. HMC desires to create an automobile culture of putting customer first via developing human-centered and environment-friendly technological innovation. HMC vision is to secure world-best innovations and raise its profile as a premium automaker. Its quest also includes making this world a better place for all by popularizing next generation eco-friendly technologies and creating a new auto-culture through people-centered technologies that move customers hearts. HMC goal is to become a respected global company that contributed the creation of an automobile consumer culture that respects customers need and innovation in environmental technology that minimize the environmental impact of automobile. HMCs success, watched closely worldwide, is a result of continuous and aggressive innovations that have been implemented on behalf of our customers. HMC considers its most important mission to bring the enjoyment of elegance and confidence to its customers, rather than just selling products. Hyundai strives to bring its customers luxury and style. Therefore, Hyundai will continue to stabilize its global management by establishing an effective cooperation system among production bases around the world. HMCs management goal is customer-oriented management and continuous execution of global management. Motivation employees HMC has human resource management policy with fairness and reasonableness as the guiding principle, ensuring protection of human right and maximizing employees satisfaction at the work place. HMC does not discriminate against its employees or job applicant on the basis of race, age, religion, sea, nationality, physical characteristic or any other facture for all personal decisions including recruitment, placement, evaluation, compensation, training, rank or promotion. HMC respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and fully comply with related laws and international labor practice norm including the UN Global Compact principles and ILO guidelines. HMC provide fair compensation for all work at our business sites according to the work guidelines, compensation policy and relevant laws. Also, HMC have created an ethics charter that calls for respect of the right of all workers. HMC focus in increasing health service for workers in the older age group, implementation of policies to recruit and support female employees and provision of more employment opportunity to non-Korean nationals and people with disability improve working conditions for female workers, HMC offer benefits including monthly days off and 90 day maternity leave. Some operation sites offer childcare centers for working mother as well. HMC ensures employees safety pre-assessment, accident prevention activities, increased investment in safety-related facilities and safety training. Therefore, HMC pursue a long-term relationship that is mutually beneficial to both employees and management. Desirability as an employee I would like to work for HMC because HMC is a leading global automaker with competitive edge in product quality, innovation, appealing to the ever-growing emerging markets, as well as the rapidly changing global market. Moreover, it contributes to society, as part of our global corporate responsibility, as well as to secure leadership for future growth through environmental management, forging the way for green growth and the development of world-class eco-friendly vehicles. Actually HMC is an ideal work place, safe and healthy working environment because of its human resource management policy with fairness and reasonableness to ensure human right protection and maximizing employees satisfaction. HMC regards employees as important assets for corporate growth so it has established the HMC ethics charter, the employee code of conduct, and the Guideline on Ethical Business Practices to help employees make the correct decision in the business conduct. It endeavors to provide all employe es with environment training program. HMC is stepping up efforts to ensure fairness in HR decisions, to introduce a rational compensation system, to collaborate with the UN Global Compact for human rights protection, talent development, welfare improvement, and health and safety enhancement. References: Main sources: Hyundai Motor Company. Available from [Accessed 4th March 2011] The road to Sustainability-Hyundai. Available from [Accessed 8th March 2011] The road to sustainability Hyundai. Available from [Accessed 8th March 2011] Global Crisis Enables Hyundai to Grow Bigger, 04-21-2010Â  19:37, Available from [Accessed 9th March 2011] Hyundai Motor joins top 3, in Fortune Korea 500; 10-24-2010Â  18:54. Available from [Accessed 9th March 2011] PART 2: Critically discuss the contention that Leaders are born not made Leadership is the process of influencing people towards achievement of organization goals (Naylor J. (2004) 2nd ed. Management, Harlow. Prentice-Hall) Are Leaders born not made? The answer is both. In todays world, many believe that it is possible to send employees to a series of leadership training classes and make them a leader. In fact, they may promote into a position of leadership, but they lack any of the qualities of a true leader. In short, leaders have something within that the others dont have. It is an intangible characteristic that cant be explained but can be recognized. This is due to certain in-born talent that can never be cultivated via training (e.g. charismatic, verbal approach to persuasion, ability to influence through persuasion). Most of these qualities essential to being a leader can be linked directly to ingrown personality traits, the ability to have a vision and intuition, the natural intelligence factor, the enjoyment of obsessing with self improvement, mastering the natural talents they were born with. These are all aspects of personality and are extremely difficult to learn. It is true that people can be trained through leadership programs; however these trained people will be often pale in comparison with those who have in-born characteristics. Perhaps it varies from person to person. It is really not easy to determine what part of leader abilities is acquired and what part is inborn or natural. Not every leader is born and not every person can be groomed to be a leader. It is not just the amount of training an individual receives that creates a leader; rather it is the in-born abilities an individual possesses and the willingness to learn (e.g. ability to adapt). The training just accelerates the development of the natural talents. True, those born with leadership abilities have distinct traits that separate those from the rest, sometimes even from childhood, but others who are keen enough and intelligent enough can be trained to become good leaders. What if Im not a born leader? Not being born with the skills to lead doesnt mean you dont have chance to become a leader. There are plenty of positions that require leadership skills that also allow to being underdeveloped. Those with ingrained leadership qualities dont get to rest on their talents. Like any skill, if you continually work on improvement and the pursuit of perfection, you will soon find yourself goal. You can only harness your potential by continually striving to improve. With the appropriate demonstrated levels of willingness and ability, a person with potential can be molded into a leader through training. Those continue to learn and develop whatever skills they possess; training or practice will give the character, vision or presence to be a great leader. But the environment will determine whether potential leaders can develop their talents. All of us are born with one trait in common potential. There is much potential of course, but the key in dealing with potenti al is the stimulus and environment that brings it out. So it is seen that leadership characteristics are most likely inherent and can be developed in the right environment. References: Leaders Are Born Not Made. Available from [Accessed 4th Feb 2011] Leaders Are Born Not Made. Available from [Accessed 4th Feb 2011] Leadership. Available from . [Accessed 4th Feb 2011] Leaders Are Born Not Made. Available from [Accessed 4th Feb 2011] PART 3: Critically discuss the following statement: The best way to ensure constant innovation is to hire young, newly-graduated candidates with an interest in innovation and set them up in a think-tank, separate from the main organization so they can develop new ideas unimpeded by the existing business. If you were an employer, what kind of people would you want to hire? Well, the perfect candidate that meet every aspect of the job description of course. Employers know, People who have years of experience may either require a salary too high, may not have knowledge of the newest technologies whereas recent graduates dont have important years of experience, professional knowledge, or highly developed skills but employers realize that if they hire the most qualified and suitable talent from outstanding universities and continue to educate and mold recent college graduates to fits their needs, they will provide enough quality clay to work with to create that perfect mold. Knowledge is the prerequisite for innovation and new technology distributes knowledge. Todays young employees have grown up with the latest technology and they often have a quicker grasp of the newest technical knowledge than older candidates. Many people have a bias that young people are better at innovation, coming out of school fully prepared, multi-skilled, capable of creative thought, much new ideas. The harsh reality is that in the technology world, companies prefer to hire young, inexperienced engineers because hiring fresh graduate with no skills takes less money and they will rapidly learn the latest coding methods and techniques. Â  As well, the older candidates likely have family and need to leave by 6 pm, whereas the young can pull all-nighters. In addition, companies nowadays are increasingly working on an international level in financial jobs and careers in telecommunications, so newly-graduated that study abroad will often have a desired global perspective. Their multi-cultural learning and experience, being bilingual is valued in many fields, especially in existing business innovation. However, the statement that the best way to ensure constant innovation is to hire young, newly-graduated candidates with an interest in innovation so they can develop new ideas unimpeded by the existing business is not really true in individual case. Almost leaders and managers often respect and listen to elders ideas in the company because they know well about organization structure, business strategy, mission, related stakeholders as customers, partners and they can take full advantage of their experience, knowledge by contributing practical ideas to constant innovation in products, processe

The treatment plan

A client profile:   John Moran is a thirty-four year old man who lives with his fiancà ©e in the town centre of Galway. He is the bar manager of a local venue and is a singer in a rock band. He is a very busy man and seldom has time for himself. His job is very stressful as his boss puts him under a lot of pressure.He also finds dealing with drunken customers very stressful and often ends the night with a headache. He doesn’t get much sleep ( about six hours a night at the most) because he finds it hard to switch his brain off when he is trying to sleep and doesn’t have a day off. He is a non-smoker but feels that the smokey working atmosphere is having a toll on his lungs. On average he does at least one gig a week with his own band. They play all over the country so he spends a lot of time traveling at the weekend. Although he puts a lot of time into the band, organising bookings etc he finds this very enjoyable. He does find however those things can get on top of him and he gets a bit overwhelmed. Because of the amount of time he spends at work he gets little time to exercise. He was once very fit, he use to work on a building site, but would see himself as been very unfit now. He has put on a bit of weight over the last couple of years and is finding it hard to lose it as he loves his sweet stuff and eats a lot of microwave meals.The treatment plan: Because John Moran has no serious health problems, and I found no areas of tension or stiffness, I intend to make John’s sessions as relaxing as possible. I will put more emphasis on effleurage and petrissage movements and stray away from frictions and percussion. This will also help him with his sleeping problems. I will try to make the session as relaxing as possible to help him get some time away from his stresses. I will encourage him to try to eat more healthily and try to take some exercise. I will suggest that he cuts down on his caffeine intake and try to relax a bit more.SESSION ONEDetails of how the client felt du ring and after the treatment:   John Moran seemed to be a bit nervous at the beginning of the session so I asked him what his concerns where. He told me that he had never gone for a massage session before and wasn’t really sure what was going to happen. I explained that he would be covered with towels at all times apart from the area that I was working on.I explained that I would start on his legs, go to his abdomen, followed by his head shoulders and arms. I would then ask him to turn over and I would work on the back of his body. I told him that if at any time he was feeling uncomfortable, tender or in pain to let me know. He seemed a bit calmer and relaxed after this and so we proceeded with the session.Reflective practise:   Judging by the amount of stress that John is under form work I was expected to find areas of tension in his body. However over the entire message I found no area of significant stiffness or tension. All his muscles seemed quite relaxed.Details of home care advice given:   For homecare advice I suggested that he cut down on his caffeine intake as this may be a factor in his sleeping patterns. I also encouraged him to drink plenty of water as he drinks very little to none at the moment. I also suggested that he cut down on his sweet and biscuit intake and try to eat a more balanced diet.

Marketing Research – Short Outline

MARKETING RESEARCH General information Definition: â€Å" Systematic and objective collection and analysis of information for the purpose of decision making in marketing â€Å" Key functions: Studies consumer behaviour Helps identify marketing opportunities & problems Helps evaluate company’s marketing performance Helps select/ improve marketing strategy Marketing Research ? Market Research Provides data on Provides data on company's environment company’s own roducts/services/current customers The Marketing Research Process 1. Problem definition 1. 1 Formulating decision problem (e. g. how to price new product) 1. 2 Determining purpose ; scope of research 2. Research Design Exploratory research: understanding the nature of a problem Conclusive research: answering research questions 2. 1 Choosing Types of data – Facts – Opinions – Motivations 2. 2 Locating Sources of data – Secondary data (previously published) Primary data (obtained directl y from the consumer) 2. 3 Methods of Collecting Data from primary sources Observation: Analysing customer? s behaviour Self-reporting Focus group: take part in a discussion to analyse people`s reaction to special topics Projective technique: respondents are asked to say the first word that comes into their minds upon a specific topic Questionnaire: – Mail – Online – Telephone -Personal 2. 3 Selecting the SampleSample: Group of elements (persons, stores, financial reports) chosen from among a total population Probability sample: Each unit has a known chance of being selected Nonprobability Sample: Sampling units are selected arbitrarily 2. 4 Anticipating the Results = Making a plan about how the marketing research and the final report will be designed 3. Research Conduction = Implementing the research plan 4. Data Processing = Transforming the information obtained into a report for management

Free Essays on The Unfinished 20th Century

The Unfinished Twentieth Century's synopsis of the treaties and conventions through which the development of nuclear arsenals has been channeled and contained is elegant, concise, and very informative. Certainly, the subject of this book, written by Jonathan Schell, is a timely one: the slow but sure leakage of nuclear weapons technology out of the exclusive club of nations which once contained it, into the rest of a restless world tired of being shut out in the cold. Schell's chilling analysis of the strategic predicament entailed by the post-Cold War situation is also apt, as is his characterization of the nuclear options now facing a world where technical knowledge flows along increasingly unpredictable lines. Sadly, The Unfinished Twentieth Century presents these basic insights on the diereses of the still-current nuclear threat powerfully and uninhibitedly. Using Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness as a key, and Hannah Arendt’s Reflections On the Nature of Evil a s a point of departure, Jonathan Schell suggests that the essential story of the twentieth century was the gigantic development of humankind’s capacity for self-destruction - with the rise in many forms of â€Å"policies of extermination.† Schell examines the legacy this leaves for the new millennium: the crisis of nuclear arms control that has arisen with the unraveling of the ABM treaty, the stalemate of the START talks, the proliferation of nuclear weapons in South Asia, and, perhaps, East Asia and the Middle-East. He suggests that the world now faces a stark choice between denuclearization, the abolition of all nuclear weapons, and full nuclearization, as the necessary technology and materials seep around the world. And as they do, history is being written. History, though, as it is crafted by humanity, does not quite follow the same principles of demarcation as when one century turns into another. Schell, identifies the 20th century as an unfinished perio... Free Essays on The Unfinished 20th Century Free Essays on The Unfinished 20th Century The Unfinished Twentieth Century's synopsis of the treaties and conventions through which the development of nuclear arsenals has been channeled and contained is elegant, concise, and very informative. Certainly, the subject of this book, written by Jonathan Schell, is a timely one: the slow but sure leakage of nuclear weapons technology out of the exclusive club of nations which once contained it, into the rest of a restless world tired of being shut out in the cold. Schell's chilling analysis of the strategic predicament entailed by the post-Cold War situation is also apt, as is his characterization of the nuclear options now facing a world where technical knowledge flows along increasingly unpredictable lines. Sadly, The Unfinished Twentieth Century presents these basic insights on the diereses of the still-current nuclear threat powerfully and uninhibitedly. Using Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness as a key, and Hannah Arendt’s Reflections On the Nature of Evil a s a point of departure, Jonathan Schell suggests that the essential story of the twentieth century was the gigantic development of humankind’s capacity for self-destruction - with the rise in many forms of â€Å"policies of extermination.† Schell examines the legacy this leaves for the new millennium: the crisis of nuclear arms control that has arisen with the unraveling of the ABM treaty, the stalemate of the START talks, the proliferation of nuclear weapons in South Asia, and, perhaps, East Asia and the Middle-East. He suggests that the world now faces a stark choice between denuclearization, the abolition of all nuclear weapons, and full nuclearization, as the necessary technology and materials seep around the world. And as they do, history is being written. History, though, as it is crafted by humanity, does not quite follow the same principles of demarcation as when one century turns into another. Schell, identifies the 20th century as an unfinished perio...

Internet Assignment Earthquake essays

Internet Assignment Earthquake essays Please write neatly. If I cannot read your handwriting, I will not grade your assignment. Please print your name on this assignment. Please staple your assignment before turning it in. Cutting and pasting directly from web sites or copying from a friend is called PLAGIARISM! Dont do it! Read Dr. Asher's policy on Plagiarism in your syllabus. This exercise will focus on topics related to earthquakes. Web sites with useful definitions and information about earthquakes are: and [put an underline symbol ( _ ) between the words general and seismicity if you are typing this address in by hand]. (Or low-tech types can just use the text book!) First let's see how the world is shakin' today. Go to [current_seismicity]. Click on the link called Near Real-Time Earthquake . 1. What is the time and date you are doing this exercise (as in accessing this web site)? Sunday, November 11, 2001 @ 12:26:51 2a. How many earthquakes have occurred today? What is the location, depth, and magnitude of the largest one? [If you are doing this early in the morning and no earthquakes have been reported, use the previous day's data.] Twenty-one earthquakes have happened today. The large one was in Panama - Costa Rica border. The depth was 33 kilometers and the magnitude was 6.1 . 2b. Did this earthquake (the largest one) occur on or very near the boundary between two of the earth's crustal plates (yes or no)? If yes, what are the names of the plates involved and what type of plate boundary is it (divergent, convergent, or transform)? (Please use Fig. 1.12 to identify type of plate boundary and names of plates involved.) This earthquake occured very near the boundary of the Carribbean crustal plate. The typ ...

Collaborative Problem Solving Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Collaborative Problem Solving Model - Essay Example In the thick of the problem students' work in groups, co-operate, and often act as professionals facing problems as they occur without suggesting any boundaries on the part of the teacher. Indeed the information they have may not be sufficient. However, with in the limitations they arrive at solutions, which are far more effective than the traditional teacher centered problem-solving approach. and peers than he/she can achieve by them self. Social interaction is beneficial for the growth of the child. It has also been confirmed by research that peer collaboration can facilitate better performance when one child is more advanced. In brief, the problem-solving ability can heighten when they work together. effectiveness of collaborative problem solving in certain situations. Studies on peer collaboration among school-aged children have sometimes questioned the benefit of collaboration under a certain age. Research has been somewhat inconclusive on this problem. It found that five year-olds were more likely to get involved in discussion and collaboration than 3 year-olds. Moreover, it was found that 5 to 6 year old children performed better, when they worked with a more competent partner than when they worked with a less competent partner. In fact, more research is called for to determine at what age collaborative sharing can be effective (Vermette, 1998). Application of collaborative problem solving can be done in the classroom in reference to an ecosystem. The ecosystem of the saltwater marsh is ideally suited for this study. Any ecosystem has four major components. First, there are the nonliving or abiotic components. The other three components are the living organisms. They are the producers, consumers, and decomposers. The goal of exercise is to develop a deeper understanding of the interdependence with ecosystems by examining how plants and animals are interdependent. The student should also develop enough knowledge about the marsh plants and animals. They should build sufficient vocabulary to explain scientific phenomenon in proper terms. In this study, the ultimate aim is to make a comparative study of the traditional method and the application of collaborative problem solving approach in teaching. For collaborative problem solving study, two standard methods are available, Student Teams-Achievement Division (STAD) and Jigsaw. A Jigsaw classroom method is preferred because it not only helps in collaborative problem solving, but also helps in narrowing down ethnic, cultural, and religious differences among the learners. In the Jigsaw approach, all the students have the opportunity to be a teacher,

Why did the social war between Rome and her Italian allies break out Essay

Why did the social war between Rome and her Italian allies break out in 90 BC - Essay Example The crisis eventually culminated into a social war in 90 BC. It is called the social war because it was between Rome and its allies. According to Salmon (1958), the social war between Rome and her Italian allies was waged between 91 and 88 BC; it was mainly between several cities in Italy and the Roman Republic (162). Before the war, the Italian cities had been Roman allies for many centuries. Fundamentally, the ancient Rome’s Italian allies who were against the Roman franchise had waged the war. Previously, the allies in southern and central Italy had fought with Rome in various wars and therefore they had grown restive under the autocratic rule in Rome. Their allies were interested in gaining the Roman citizenship and the privileges that come along with it (Ogilvie, 1980, 18). In 91 BC, in a bid to pursue this interest, Marcus Drusus, the Roman tribune, attempted to solve this problem through a legislation proposal that would have ensured that all Italians are admitted to citizenship. This proposal led to a furious debate in the Senate; those opposed to it were so bitter that they assassinated Drusus. As a result, the Italian allies were frustrated and rose into revolt (Brunt 1971, 13). It is important to first understand the situation between Rome and Italian alliances prior to the war. Gabba (1976) observes that the Early Italian campaigns of between 458 and 396 BC saw the conquest of Italy by the Romans thus resulting into a collection of alliances between the Italian communities, cities, and Rome. The alliances collection was on favourable terms influenced by whether a certain city had been defeated in war or if its alliance with Rome was voluntary. Theoretically, these cities were independent but in practice, Rome had authority over them as it had the right the right to demand tribute money from them, and their desirable number of soldiers. Two centuries later, two- thirds of Roman soldiers were from the Italian allies. This meant that

To what extent has Coalition Government affected the role and Essay - 4

To what extent has Coalition Government affected the role and functions of Prime Minister and Cabinet - Essay Example During such times, parties will opt to form grand coalitions or all party coalitions. In an instance where the coalition inevitably collapses or fails, a confidence vote is held. The idea behind collective responsibility in mostly related to an instance when say a vote of no confidence is passed in the parliament. Therefore, this will mean that all the ministers that form the cabinet are responsible for any arrangements that have been performed in relation to running of the government. This system basically tries to show the faith in the whole government as a whole in making day to day decisions. Collective ministerial responsibility simply implies that the government will collectively account to the parliament for the polices, actions and any decisions that they pass. However, the idea of collective responsibility means that for any decision or action to be made, all the members of the coalition must come into an agreement. This may slow down the government especially in instances where the two parties fail to come to an agreement. The government will be at a standstill. But at the end of the idea, the fact remains that collective decision making is favorable because it is more likely that better decisions will be reached and the decisions will mostly have the citizen’s best interest at heart. Collective responsibility is easy to maintain in a coalition government where the Prime Minister is kept as the keystone of the entire government. This is however not always the case. This is happens as there are instances when the coalition government is formed into a single party government. However, currently, people are highly enlightened, which makes collective responsibility a problem in some instances. For example, ministers now have their own advisors who may influence their decision and in addition, they freely communicate to the media without considering the impact of their action to them and the entire cabinet as a

Physical Development Essay Example for Free

Physical Development Essay Primary school children, aged six to twelve years old, will undergo a variety of developmental changes, both physical and mental, and as teachers it is imperative that we both understand and accommodate the physical needs of students in the learning environment. To fully comprehend these changes, one must consider the actual physical changes that occur, in particular the development of motor skills, as well as how to accommodate the physical needs and development of students during their primary school years. Supplementary to these broader topics are the benefits of physical activity as well as the consequences of prolonged inactivity, and how a student’s physical development can either facilitate or restrict development in other areas. Children between the ages of 6 and 10 (referred to as ‘middle childhood’) will experience a plethora of physical developments. Firstly, they will steadily gain weight and height, though their basic body structure will remain unchanged. Children will also lose their 20 primary or ‘baby’ teeth, which will be replaced by permanent teeth. Some of the most significant skills children of this age will develop are motor skills. Motor skills refer to a learned sequence of movements that combine to create an efficient action in order to become proficient at a certain activity. These can be divided into two subcategories: ‘gross motor skills’ and ‘fine motor skills’. Gross motor skills are â€Å"large movements of the body that permit locomotion through and within the environment† (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010) and includes such skills as walking and swimming, while fine motor skills are â€Å"Small, precise movements of particular parts of the body, especially the hands† (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010), and include such skills as writing and drawing. In early childhood, humans rely largely on reflexive (that is, unlearned and involuntary) movement patterns, and thus are lacking fine motor skills. As they reach middle childhood, children develop voluntary movement patterns, and begin refining both their gross and fine motor skills, gaining proficiency in a variety of actions. Children increase the speed and coordination of their running, kicking and throwing, and become able to integrate these movements into sports and other structured play activities. They also make advances in their handwriting, becoming smaller and more consistent, and their drawings, supported by further cognitive development, become more detailed. Finally, the functions of the brain are enhanced in a number of ways. The two hemispheres of the brain develop into more unique sectors, and groups of regularly used neurons are cultivated. The process of myelination, ‘the growth of a fatty sheath around neurons that allows them to transmit messages more quickly’ (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010), continues, permitting swift and sustained learning. In order to accommodate and encourage student’s physical needs and developments, teachers should first and foremost always ensure that the learning area is safe. The classroom should constantly be checked for hazards, such as sharp edges on desks, loose flooring, or potentially dangerous substances, and teachers should ensure that â€Å"Rooms, bathrooms, and hallways are cleaned daily† (Wilford, 2006). Children should also be educated on how to recognise situations or objects that could harm them, and how to deal with them effectively. As young children are especially vulnerable to illness, it is particularly important to do everything possible to prevent it, by keeping the area clean and sanitizing surfaces, and teaching children sanitary practices, such as washing their hands after toileting. This is a vital area of education; should a child suffer from a serious illness for a long period of time, their physical development may be permanently mired, having serious consequences on their entire lives. It is also important that students have access to healthy and nutritious food at school, and learn about sound eating habits. Certain foods or lack thereof, have varying effects on students’ physical development, and should children be malnourished for an extended period of time, their development may be permanently stunted. A child who is malnourished is â€Å"more prone to infections† (Brewster and White, 2002) which â€Å"further impair (their) nutritional state by depressing (their) appetite and increasing the demand on his reserves of protein and energy† (Brewster and White, 2002), leading to further diminished rates of physical development. For these reasons, it is imperative that primary school students’ learning environment be kept as safe and healthy as possible, through the teacher’s ensuring that the classroom is hazard free and sanitized, and that the children have access to nutritious and healthy food, as well as educating the children so that they may implement such skills themselves. By doing this, educators can accommodate the physical needs and developments of their children, and maximise the effectiveness of their schooling, both physical and academic. During primary school, students are â€Å"at an optimal age in terms of motor skill learning† (Anshel, 1990), and thus motor skills develop rapidly, allowing them to perform skilled tasks. In order to help students develop these motor skills, it is important for teachers to incorporate physical activity into their curriculum. This assists in the development of both fine and gross motor skills. Firstly, they should provide frequent opportunities for students to participate in physical activity throughout the day; these activities would ideally allow the participation of children, regardless of their respective skill levels. For example, when guiding children through skipping rope, the teacher could at first have them use a long rope and simply step over the rope; children who find this easy could then try actual skipping. Should this prove relatively easy, they could skip at a faster pace, and children who showed proficiency at this higher level could try crossing the rope over while skipping. Educators can also integrate physical activity into academic lessons, which will not only shorten the length of time between physical activities, but also keep the students more engaged in the lesson. Conversely, it is also important to give students adequate time to rest. If they spend too much time exercising and overexert themselves, this will only lead to decreased concentration during the rest of their lessons, causing their performance to suffer. Additionally, children progressing through middle childhood still have relatively soft bones, so additional caution should be taken if they perform any high impact exercises, such as lifting heavy weights. To reiterate, young students’ physical development can be accommodated through the utilisation of physical activity at school, however this must be done in moderation, otherwise it may be detrimental to the child’s education and general wellbeing. Finally, educators should be aware of how a child’s physical development can assist with or hinder their development in other areas. For example, a child who has developed at a faster rate than their peers will likely be more proficient at sports, and the strengthened neuron pathways will increase the rate at which they learn and become proficient at academic subjects. The self-confidence this gives them may then be expressed through the child’s interest and application in school, which in turn will make their entire learning experience both easier and more pleasurable. Increased participation in both sport and academic activities will in turn make meeting and befriending other students easier, allowing the student to expand socially, again giving them a more positive outlook on school and further increasing their focus and determination to succeed physically and academically. On the other hand, students who have not physically developed as quickly as others in their year group may not perform as well in either academic or physical activities, and subsequently suffer from ‘learned helplessness’, a situation in which a child’s experience leads them to believe they will always fail, and thus they do not try, acting â€Å"as though they (are) helpless to do better† (U. S. Dep Education, 1992). This lack of confidence and learned helplessness can cause students to become â€Å"listless and inattentive and sometimes disruptive† (U. S. Dep Education, 1992), and â€Å"may be prevent (students) from fulfilling (their) potential† (Seligman, 1990). This is why it is essential to implement scaffolding into the learning environment, to support less physically developed students and assist them in succeeding, building their confidence. Therefore, it is important that teachers carefully monitor the progress of students individually, and provide support and encouragement appropriate to their developmental stage to facilitate the learning experience for them. Children completing their primary education will experience many new things; socially, mentally and physically. It is the role of teachers to make this experience as beneficial as possible, and a key element of doing so is the understanding of the physical developments they undergo during this time. To fully appreciate these developments, educators should consider the benefit of physical activity, as well as the consequences of prolonged inactivity, how a student’s physical development can assist with or hinder their development in other areas, motor development in children and how this is influenced, and finally how to accommodate and support the developments and needs of their students.