Proximity and Juxtaposition :: Essays Papers

Proximity and JuxtapositionIn order to properly compare and contrast the similarities between collocation and proximity a definition is surely needed of the two. Proximity for instance, refers to the relative nearness of forms, and how that effects the human relationship between them. Juxtaposition on the some other hand, refers to the way in which elements or forms are placed next to each other. Juxtaposition and proximity are two important aspects of design that are very much used together and must be taken into account when creating a work of art. One similarity between juxtaposition and proximity is that they both crap the ability to communicate what type of connection should be made between a grouping of elements or forms. For example, when referring to proximity, if the elements are placed closely together in a design, they relay to the viewer that they are a group, and they should be translated as one. The way 2 elements are placed together (juxtaposition) conveys a relationship as well. An example of this is in Gustav Klimts art work (see last 2 pages) titled, The Kiss (Gombridge 65). In Klimts painting a man and a charr are placed next to each other in an interesting way. The forms of their bodies are distorted and resemble the abstraction of melting and movement. There is an obvious relationship between the two forms which would not be as apparent if the forms were not juxtaposed the way that Klimt chose to. The bodies are vertically aligned, so that a oneness base be achieved. Had the man been upright and the woman horizontally placed across the ground, the two forms would communicate differently. The feeling of movement, melting, and oneness, would surely lose its intensity. Taking an even walk-to(prenominal) look at Gustav Klimts art work, the viewer may focus on the geometric shapes within the 2 forms. At first the viewer notices that impertinent shapes are juxtaposed within the male form, and a majority of the womans for m is filled with circular shapes. However, towards the lower and upper parts of their bodies, juxtaposition and proximity are used to form a relationship between the rectangular and circular shapes. There are a few rectangles and circles placed so close to one another and in such a way that the onlooker can no longer distinguish between the mans and the womans bodies.

Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay -- essays research papers

Ralph Waldo Emerson&9&9&9&9&9&9&9I am writing this essay on the beliefs and thoughts of Ralph Waldo Emerson on the subjects of individuality, society, government, technology, and spirituality.&9I deem that Emerson believes that every someone should be as much as individual as they can. Be who you are on the inside, dont try to be kindred everyone else. Dont worry about fitting in, if someone is a real friend, they will like you for who you are, real friends wont dump you for being yourself.&9When Emerson says "Insist on yourself never imitate." he is saying that you should act like you are on the inside dont try to be like someone else. Be your avow person and strive to be as different from everyone else as much as you can. Emerson said that your mind is your own, and no one can touch it. You can think what you want to think, and no one can change that. He describes this belief in the quote "Nothing is at last sacred, but the integrity of y our own mind." People can mess with every former(a) part of you, but your mind they cant reach.&9Emerson is quoted as saying "My life is for itself and not for a spectacle." I think that he means that each and every person has their own life to live and that they shouldnt devote their time to worrying about what other people are doing. You have enough to worry about with whats going on in your own lives.&9Emerson believes that when you...

John Dickinson :: history

John DickinsonEven though John Dickinson lived in the colonies, he supported the queen mole rat and England. He became the Penman of the Revolution, but mostly in favor of the king. He tried to suppress the war, but he wasnt successful.Born in 1732 in Maryland by an affluent farmer, he later moved in 1740 to Dover, Delawargon, where he was educated at a young age. In 1750 he started to instruction law in Philadelphia. In 1753 he went to England to continue to study law at the Londons Middle Temple. He returned to Philadelphia in 1757 and became an classic lawyer. Since Dickinson was so healthful educated, he was asked to be in politics. In 1760 he served as spokesperson at the Three Lower Counties in Delaware. In 1762 he won a butt In the Pennsylvania Assembly and did again in 1764. Unfortunately for him, he lost the seat that year for going against Benjamin Franklin.During the Stamp Act, Dickinson was an important player. He wrote The Late Regulations Respecting the British Col onies, a pamphlet that that advised Ameri burn downs to look to revoke the Stamp Act by pressuring British merchants. In 1767-68 he wrote earn From a farmer which was anonymous letters to the Pennsylvania Chronicles which stated, The parliament unquestionably possesses a legal allowance to regulate the trade of Great Britain and all her colonies. much(prenominal) an authority is essential to the relation between a moth country and her colonies and necessary for the common good of all. He, who considers these provinces as states distinct from the British Empire, has very slender notions of justice, or of their interests. We are but parts of a whole and therefore there must exist a power somewhere to preside, and preserve the connection in collect order. This power is lodged in the Parliament and we are as much dependant on Great Britain as a perfectly free multitude can be on one another. This quote makes Dickinson seem as though he is against England, but in the Oliver Branch Petition, from July 5, 1775, his views were a runty different. the apprehensions which flat oppress out hearts with unspeakable grieved, being once removed, your majesty will find your faithful subjects on this continent ready and spontaneous at all timesto assert and maintain the rights and interests of your majesty and of our mother country. It is possible that in the 8 year period between the Letters from a Farmer and the Oliver Branch Petition Dickinsons views have changed on the colonies.John Dickinson historyJohn DickinsonEven though John Dickinson lived in the colonies, he supported the King and England. He became the Penman of the Revolution, but mostly in favor of the king. He tried to suppress the war, but he wasnt successful.Born in 1732 in Maryland by an affluent farmer, he later moved in 1740 to Dover, Delaware, where he was educated at a young age. In 1750 he started to study law in Philadelphia. In 1753 he went to England to continue to study law at the Londons Middle Temple. He returned to Philadelphia in 1757 and became an important lawyer. Since Dickinson was so well educated, he was asked to be in politics. In 1760 he served as spokesperson at the Three Lower Counties in Delaware. In 1762 he won a seat In the Pennsylvania Assembly and did again in 1764. Unfortunately for him, he lost the seat that year for going against Benjamin Franklin.During the Stamp Act, Dickinson was an important player. He wrote The Late Regulations Respecting the British Colonies, a pamphlet that that advised Americans to look to revoke the Stamp Act by pressuring British merchants. In 1767-68 he wrote Letters From a Farmer which was anonymous letters to the Pennsylvania Chronicles which stated, The parliament unquestionably possesses a legal authority to regulate the trade of Great Britain and all her colonies. Such an authority is essential to the relation between a moth country and her colonies and necessary for the common good of all. He, who considers thes e provinces as states distinct from the British Empire, has very slender notions of justice, or of their interests. We are but parts of a whole and therefore there must exist a power somewhere to preside, and preserve the connection in due order. This power is lodged in the Parliament and we are as much dependant on Great Britain as a perfectly free people can be on one another. This quote makes Dickinson seem as though he is against England, but in the Oliver Branch Petition, from July 5, 1775, his views were a little different. the apprehensions which now oppress out hearts with unspeakable grieved, being once removed, your majesty will find your faithful subjects on this continent ready and willing at all timesto assert and maintain the rights and interests of your majesty and of our mother country. It is possible that in the 8 year period between the Letters from a Farmer and the Oliver Branch Petition Dickinsons views have changed on the colonies.

Truth and Order in Ionescos Bald Soprano Essay -- Bald Soprano Essays

Truth and Order in I atomic number 53scos Bald Soprano Any sense of order, of sense itself, is shattered and constantly questioned by Eugene Ionesco in his play The Bald Soprano. A serious challenge is made against an absolute notion of truth. Characters throughout the play, however, continue to exertion to maintain and share a unified and orderly existence. Empiricism is espoused by several characters. They resign that life experience is all that is necessary to establish unswerving order and thus, truth. Mrs. Smith states, Truth is never found in books, only in life (29). While this empirical debate underscores the need for an unmediated experience of truth, Ionesco simultaneously undermines empiricism as a viable method of attaining it. On a basic level, order diminishes, deteriorates, and virtually disintegrates as the play proceeds. Empiricism is fundamentally deductive in nature a logical premise is established from direct sensory experience. This method calls into ques tion even the most commonplace assumptions. nought is accepted as given without sufficient proof. In this manner ordinary events like tying ones shoe or reading the newspaper in the vacuum tube are made to seem extraordinary. Each otherwise mundane experience contains a new vitality. Mr. Martin exclaims, One sees things even more extraordinary every day, when one walks around (22). The characters seem to lack a certain sense of familiarity (or boredom, perhaps) with such mundane events. Each experience, regardless of size or scope, force the characters to constantly continue in the process of reevaluating and refining the most basic assumptions upon which their lives are based. Mrs. Smiths incessant externalized inner monologue at the open... ...le iso slowd statements cease to be intelligible. Ionescos language late in the play is a language of non sequitirs and nonsense. Far from articulating a unified notion of truth, language unleashes the capacity to express a cacophony of voices and viewpoints. Unequivocal statements of whatever sort become virtually impossible because the power to negate them is embedded in the fabric of language itself. Ironically, as the play reaches its seemingly chaotic crescendo, Ionesco himself seems to submit to some vaguely cyclical notion of order. The dialogue of the players disintegrates and then reintegrates into a single sentence, thus allowing the play to begin again with new faces, but undoubtedly the same dramatic dnouement. Works Cited Ionesco, Eugene. The Bald Soprano. Four Plays by Eugene Ionesco. Trans. Donald M. Allen. New York Grove Weidenfeld, 1958.

Surgical Treatment For Morbid Obesity Essay -- Medicine Health Papers

In todays society where good looks, bodily fitness, appearance, and good health are use to measure success, confidence, and self-control, it is ironic that take in disorders are so prevalent in our culture. People are so concerned with how other people view their physical appearance that when they cannot meet their own or others expectations they often develop eating disorders. However, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are not the only types of eating disorders. Today there is an increase number of obese people who suffer from overeating. These people find it especially difficult to have the kind of lifestyles that they desire. Obesity and associated medical complications take the lives of thousands of people to each one year. Many obese individuals are aware of current or possible medical problems, but though they have tried diverse measures to solve their eating problems by using suppression drugs, commercial diet programs, behavioral therapies, hypnosis, exercise programs, jaw wiring, etc., they usually regain the weight after it is lost. Surgical intervention, which started in the 1960s, however, has gained change magnitude popularity in the last 50 years as a means of controlling and maintaining weight loss for morbidly obese individuals. This paper will contribute you with general facts concerning surgical intervention for obese patients, claims made by web sites, as well as evidence and results based on scientific findings. The closing for paper is to help readers understand the surgical procedures, the benefits and risks involved, and to answer questions that potential candidates for surgical intervention may have. Who Qualifies for Surgery? According to the SurgiLite web site (surgilite.net/Introduction.htm), although i... ...BibliographyChandarana P., Holliday R., Conlon P., Deslippe T. (1988). Psychosocial considerations in gastric stapling surgery. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 32 (1) 85-92.Garrow, JS. (1989). When to advise surge ry for severe obesity. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 65 (759) 10-3.OBrien., Brown WA., Smith A., McMurrick PJ., Stephens M. (1999). Prospective study of a laparoscopically placed, adjustable gastric band in the treatment of morbid obesity. British Journal of Surgery, 86 (1) 113-118. Reeves-Darby V., Soloway RD., Halpert R. (1990) Gastric bezoar complicating gastric stapling. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 85 (3) 326-327.Schauer PR., Ikramuddin S., Gourash WF., (1999) Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass a case report at one-year follow up. Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques Part A, 9 (1) 101-106.

Surgical Treatment For Morbid Obesity Essay -- Medicine Health Papers

In todays society where good looks, physical fitness, appearing, and good health are used to survey success, confidence, and self-control, it is ironic that eating disorders are so prevalent in our culture. People are so concerned with how other people view their physical appearance that when they cannot meet their own or others expectations they often develop eating disorders. However, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are not the only types of eating disorders. Today there is an increasing hail of obese people who suffer from overeating. These people find it especially difficult to have the kind of lifestyles that they desire. Obesity and associated medical complications take the lives of thousands of people each year. umpteen obese individuals are aware of current or possible medical problems, but though they have tried diverse measures to solve their eating problems by using suppression drugs, commercial diet programs, behavioral therapies, hypnosis, exercise programs, jaw wiring, etc., they usually regain the weight after it is lost. Surgical intervention, which started in the 1960s, however, has gained increased popularity in the last 50 years as a means of controlling and maintaining weight loss for morbidly obese individuals. This makeup will provide you with popular facts concerning surgical intervention for obese patients, claims made by web sites, as well as evidence and results based on scientific findings. The goal for paper is to help readers understand the surgical procedures, the benefits and risks involved, and to answer questions that potential candidates for surgical intervention may have. Who Qualifies for Surgery? According to the SurgiLite web site (surgilite.net/Introduction.htm), although i... ...BibliographyChandarana P., Holliday R., Conlon P., Deslippe T. (1988). Psychosocial considerations in gastric stapling surgery. daybook of Psychosomatic Research, 32 (1) 85-92.Garrow, JS. (1989). When to advise surgery for severe obe sity. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 65 (759) 10-3.OBrien., Brown WA., Smith A., McMurrick PJ., Stephens M. (1999). Prospective study of a laparoscopically placed, adjustable gastric band in the treatment of morbid obesity. British Journal of Surgery, 86 (1) 113-118. Reeves-Darby V., Soloway RD., Halpert R. (1990) Gastric bezoar complicating gastric stapling. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 85 (3) 326-327.Schauer PR., Ikramuddin S., Gourash WF., (1999) Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric revolve a case report at one-year follow up. Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques Part A, 9 (1) 101-106.

Cultural Views on Health Essay

Health beliefs and cultural practices be an essential part of todays multicultural society. It is beneficial for medical providers to be aware of the perspectives of different cultures. Minorities suffer from receiving proper health care because of lack of Jobs, no insurance, and their cultural beliefs. A persons cultural background cannister affect medical treatment and health care needs he or she may receive. People from different cultures have different beliefs on health care. The two different cultures I chose to discuss are Hispanic American and African American cultural views.I will be discussing the cultural views mingled with Hispanic Americans and African Americans and their views on health care. The majority of Hispanic Americans are Catholics. Religious beliefs and spirituality play important roles in health care of Hispanic cultures in the United States. Mexican American believes health is a gift from God and their health problems are a result of Gods will. just abou t Mexican Americans may not have resources for health care and use traditional healings to treat their illness. Hispanics respect their elders and the men within their culture.According to Transcultural nurse (1997-2008), Hispanics are accustomed to the professionalism of social workers, so they rely on their family and close friends for support or help. Curanderos and Santeros are two common healing practices among the Hispanic culture. Curanderos are naturalist healers who use herbs and plant to heal illnesses. Santeros use the power of the saints to heal and counsel. The majority of African Americans are Christians. Many African Americans view religious as an essential part of life. African Americans view God as the source of ood health and a source of serious illness.Many African Americans rely on religion, family, and social connections for support because of the unfairness they have encountered in the past. Many African Americans think they receive poor health care because of their ethnic background or their race. African Americans may not see a medical provider until this or her medical condition severe because of economic factors. Many cultures do not believe that organic approach is very helpful. Organic approach may seem impersonal to people who have a traditionally different method of care.Minorities, such as African American and Mexican American, have been dissatisfied with the overall health care services because of the unfair treatment they receive as individuals. The organic approach uses scientific knowledge of germs and diseases to find out the health of a patient of by using physical testing, conducting studies and experiments, and keeping detailed patient records. From an organic perspective, a patients cultural beliefs and social practices are not the primary issues of health care. Harmony perspective sees illness as an ensuant that occurs for different reasons

?Hong Kong Media Good

Although the rank of rationalisedom of Hong Kong media is much higher than that of China, there are some exceptions to the general convening which states Hong Kong media are free whereas the mainland media are not free. On 6 June 12, a Attainment Square dissident, IL Wangling was found to commit suicide by hanging himself in the Human hospital without leaving any note. The suspect of Lies death evokes all Hong Kong media to report the news at length, and hence the reporter of South China sunrise Post Alex Price ran a full story about Lies death.However, Wang Examining, the newly appointed editor-in-chief of SCAMP, reduced it into a brief Just before the issue of newsprint without informing him. Price wondered the reason and emailed Wang, tho Wang didnt give any reasonable response and said Price knows what to do if he doesnt like this. It is believed that self-censorship was practiced because Wang is mainland born, and is a member of the Jill Provincial CAP. Beijing has influenc e on the issue, and hence it makes people suspect the neutrality of SCAMP.Another workout to show Beggings influence over the Hong Kong media is that a impress column about the selection of Hong Kong Chief Executive was edited to totally different point of view from the columnist in order to show certify to one of the postdidates, Lung Chunk Yin, who regards as Pro-China candidate. The column was actually written by the columnist Luau You-sis whose column titled originally Neither of them is the best candidate for the send off of Chief Executive but then was changed to Lung is better than Tong.The original conclusion of the column is, it is no worth to support both of them, the fight between them doesnt help their rule of Hong Kong but worsen and this only makes people getting bad feeling on politics. However, it was edited to the version that, it is no worth to support Tong Lung is the one who can do better so look forward to his future. Although Shanghai repost the original o ne next day, the explanation of doing such thing as was unacceptable.The last proprietor of Shanghai in any case has China background and hence it is believed that there is Beggings influence to affect the freedom of media in Hong Kong. Comparing to Hong Kong, the situation in China whitethorn be worse that mainland media are mostly visitled by authority however, some exceptions also exist and those costly happen on the media Internet. GHz Riffing, the founder of the website Peoples oversight which allows entities to expose the corruption of the authority, had uploaded a video of Lei Chemung, a Cocooning official, who was having sex with an 18-year-old lady and secretly recorded.The official then lost his Job collectable to the muck-raking. Although the website had been once blocked and was unable to be searched via mainland website Baud, GHz believes it was because the website had suffer pressure from Lei personal instead of from authority as KHzs website is now operate ordina rily and GHz is still fee. Despite of the exposure of the corruption of the authority, KHzs website and his account on social media Webb still working normally and are not controlled by the authority.Another example is about Shah Habit, member of the Communist Party of China Committee of Lubing Citys Public Security Bureau, was accused of having amassed 192 houses in Hough and holding a false identity phone card by a local businessman Hung Junky. The documents about Chaoss double IDs are also exposed on the Internet which evokes not only the citizens but also the authority to investigate the issue. Shah has been sacked after this exposure and the authorities had decided to investigate comprehensively the problems exposed on the Internet.Same as the former example, although it exposes the corruption of authorities, the media havent been control by authorities to cover the exposure. Overall, I think the freedom for media of both Hong Kong and mainland starts shifting. It is a good be ginning for authorities to loosen the control on mainland media, but to Hong Kong media, over-practicing self- censorship only makes Hong Kong citizens revolted to mainland authorities.

Movie Review The Lord Of the War Essay

sea captain of War almost didnt make it to the big screen. In fact, it b bely even reached the production stage referable to its bristly, accusatory subject matter of illegal international blazon dealing. Yet despite its Hollywood feel, Lord of War is an excellent introduction to the opaque and oft-ignored activities of the merchants of death, or lords of war. Writer/director Andrew Niccol (The Terminal, Simone, and The Truman Show) insisted upon strictly adhering to true life events that shed an unflattering light on many of the worlds wealthiest nations.Although telling the truth in Lord of War makes for a riveting tale of international intrigue and finger pointing, it wasnt substantially a great way to secure mount for a major motion picture. It took the gumption of several foreign investors who were willing to take a chance that the films powerful message would attain with audiences. Count me as one of those moved by the films cruel honesty.Still living with his immigrant f amily in Brighton Beach, Yuri Orlov (Nicolas Cage) has had enoughthe family restaurant has no customers, his garble brother Vitaly (Jared Leto) cant cook and his mother nags his devout Jewish father who is anything but Jewish. So instead of getting sucked into a go-nowhere life, Yuri naturally gets into arms dealing. After selling a local hood an Uzi, Yuri discovers that he might actually have the knack. He recruits his younger brothermore for moral financing than business acumenand begins to soar up the arms dealing food chain, attaining wealth, luxury and an exciting lifestyle along the way. The only thing he lacks is his day-dream girlAva Fontaine (Bridget Moynahan), a Brighton Beach beauty queen-turned-supermodel. provided Yuri finally wins her heart, too, by posing as a legitimate businessman with more money than he actually has. Ava senses hes not legit, but just as long as they have their penthouse overlooking Central Park and a chauffeured limo, shed rather not know what he does. Meanwhile, Yuris interests clash with his chief rival, Simeon Weisz (Ian Holm), an old-school gunrunner, coming to terms with the end of the Cold War. Backed into a corner, Yuri is given a choice between continued competition or none at all, and his decision sends Yuri into a spiral of rapid moral decay despite ever-increasing profits. His sterling(prenominal) struggle through it all has been with himself. In the end, he learns to accept the Golden Rule of arms dealing Never wage war with anybody, especially yourself.Lord of War shines its cinematic spotlight on the shadowy world of illicit arms trafficking a global scourge that has claimed millions of lives since the end of the Cold War. According to Yuri in this film, owning guns or bullets is the second most basic human need behind eating. The skeleton is here for a truly revolutionary film that simply ties with the real world of today which ways reveal bold strokes about the amorality of world politics, and how every single one of us has rationalized the wholesale export of violence because it keeps us in comfort. The world is a business its about money, of course, and as long as someone is paying, actions toward fellow man are burdensome, if not irrelevant. in that location is only the bottom line, and every man, woman, or child who has died on the field of battle has shame so in the name of profit, usually of the corporate variety. As we compare to this existing world of today, a lot of business intelligent men chose to profit from human frailty.Lord of War narrates the proceedings by time out the third wall with a cynical, matter-of-fact voice-over that lays out a gritty, dirty snapshot of a world the devastating consequences of the worldwide trade in weapons that we dont want to know exists. Though were uncomfortable knowing the truth, seeing how it actually works is absolutely captivating. Nations throughout the world are affect in wrongdoing, as Niccols pointed story pulls no punches . His brutal honesty often hurts.It is, for instance, fascinating and horrifying to learn that the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council are the worlds biggest arms suppliers, which technically, is correct and also dares to suggest that death is the biggest business of all. Most viewers wont find comfort in accepting the films political accusations, and its moral dilemmas will undoubtedly offend many, especially in todays increasingly volatile world. But good, thought-provoking filmmaking is good for us all.REFERENCENiccol, A. (Director/Writer/Producer). (2005). Lord of War Motion picture. United States 20th Century Fox -Arclight Films.

Interior Design

Art is all around us whether we see it hung up in an art gallery or have it in the space of our avouch homes. Ive always been creative and just loved everything that had to do with program. Although as a young girl I never knew what I really wanted to do until about a year ago, I found my passion and knew at that instant what I wanted to do in life.Rearranging my room was always something I enjoyed doing I never realized it was going to be my passion in life until about a year ago when I planned with my husband how to locate and build the interior decoration in our house. I helped decide every step of the way from where it was going to be all the way to the design of the house to choosing colors and furniture. I enjoyed doing this every step of the way. Helping in designing the house wasnt a chore nor a job it was life for me. It was something I enjoyed doing everyday and looked forward to.I know that The Lebanese University, Faculty of Fine humanistic discipline can give me the tools I need to excel in the life of inside(prenominal) Design. With the hands on education and professional teachings I know it will give me what I need to do great as an Interior Designer. It will give me everything I need to be successful and start my own business in interior design. The Lebanese University, Faculty of Fine Arts is where I want to be.

Coolest thing i ever did Essay

The unruffledest thing Ive eer done or should I say the dumbest thing I ever done was run my mothers car into our house. It was the end of summer starting my freshman year at Destrehan High School and I precious to do something that would have made me seem cool to the kids around the neighborhood so I decided to steal my mothers car. My mom have a 2002 Nissan Pathfinder that she didnt really use, usually further my step dad would use it to go to work and my mom used the truck so I didnt see a problem with them riding together one morning so I can have the car for myself for the day. unrivaled morning during the beginning of the week my step dad had set the key down on the table and it was just a key so I could have easily took it and have everyone else think he mis orientd it. For two days straight my parents was looking for the key and I acted as though I had no idea of what they was looking for plainly he just used the spare key. The third day I woke up and I looked come in m y windowpane and I saw the car outside knowing I still had the stolen key under my mattress.I was a little too anxious because I knew I had the car to myself and I couldnt get caught for taking it. It was around eleven oclock when I got up and went get in the car. A free adventure I took and I thought I was a grown driver driving on the road with other drivers exclusively I wasnt it was very illegal but I didnt care I felt cool. An hour went by and I traveled all all over Destrehan I felt like my cool patch should have been given to me that day because it took a lot out of me to do something that crazy. I arrived back to my place without being stopped by the police or pulling up to the truck in the cause, I felt so bad even mold couldnt touch me. My step dad always park the car really close to the end of the driveway so that was my goal to do, I pulled in, parked the car, and got out.Then I realized I wasnt close enough and they would have notice something funny. So I decided to get back in the car and park it correctly. Backing up I didnt notice that I was that far away so I pushed on the gas because our driveway was more of a hill so I needed a little help getting up there. When I pushed the gas I went to prodigal and had hit the trash can that was in front the house, I thought it was funny and didnt really worry about it because I could have switched it out with someone elses. I got out and I noticed I parked the car correctly so that was a good thing but when I walked towards the trash can I heard some noise behind it and I saw that the front window was shattered, thats when I realized things just got real. I started to panic and come up with lies to explain the window since the car didnt look damage.My friend Shawn came outside and stared making fun of me because he knew I was going to get in trouble. As he walked in my house to go get something to drink he noticed something that I should have took a look at. His exact words were umm Laci I think yo u should come take a look at this I know I was inside but I couldnt understand why I could see outside, thats when I knew I was dead but I still felt cool for some reason. Explaining this to my mom wasnt easy at all so I stayed a few feet away from her.When my step dad arrived home he did a little bit more investigation and saw that not only did I brake the trash can, the window, and ran the car through the wall but I also smashed the hose pipe that was connected to the house inside the bricks so there was no water in the house at all. It took them a long time to forgive and trust me again and it also took a lot of butt whippings to relive all that anger out of my mom. go forth of all that happened in that week in a weird way I still felt pretty cool for that since it was a fun tale to tell to the class. So I am glad to say that was the dumbest, scariest, and coolest thing I ever done.

Bribery and Corruption Police Corruption

The word corrupt when used as an adjective literally means utterly broken. The word was first used by Aristoteles and later by Cicero who added the terms bribe and abandonment of good habits. According to Morris, putridness is described as the illegitimate use of public power to benefit a private interest. Senior, however, defines decadence as an displaceion to (a) secretly provide (b) a good or a service to a third party (c) so that he or she smoke fascinate certain actions which (d) benefit the corrupt, a third party, or both (e) in which the corrupt agent has authority. Scales of corruptionCorruption can occur on different scales. There is corruption that occurs as small favours amongst a small number of people (petty corruption), corruption that affects the government on a large scale (grand corruption), and corruption that is so prevalent that it is part of the both day structure of society, including corruption as one of the symptoms of unionized crime (systemic corrupti on). Petty corruption occurs at a smaller scale and within launch social frameworks and governing norms. Examples take the exchange of small improper gifts or use of personal connections to obtain favors.This form of corruption is particularly common in developing countries and where public servants atomic number 18 strongly underpaid. Grand corruption is defined as corruption occurring at the highest levels of government in a way that requires significant subversion of the political, legal and economic systems. Such corruption is commonly found in countries with authoritarian or dictatorial governments but also in those without decent policing of corruption.The government system in many countries is divided into the legislative, executive and court branches in an attempt to provide independent services that are less habituated to corruption due to their independence. Systemic corruption (or endemic corruption)5 is corruption which is primarily due to the weaknesses of an org anization or process. It can be contrasted with individual officials or agents who act corruptly within the system. Factors which encourage systemic corruption include conflicting incentives, discretionary powers monopolistic powers lack of transparency low pay and a finish of impunity.Specific actsof corruption include bribery, extortion, and embezzlement in a system where corruption becomes the rule rather than the exception. Scholars distinguish between centralized and decentralized systemic corruption, depending on which level of state or government corruption takes place in countries such as the Post-Soviet states both types occur.Corruption in different sectorsCorruption can occur in different sectors, whether they be public or private industry or even NGOs.Government/Public SectorPublic sector corruption is one of the more insidious forms of corruption a corrupt governing body can lead to widespread effects in the rest of society. Recent research by the World swan suggests that who makes policy decisions (elected officials or bureaucrats) can be critical in determining the level of corruption because of the incentives different policy-makers faceLegislative System (Political)Main article Political corruptionA political survey from Harpers Weekly, January 26, 1878, depicting U.S. Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz investigating the Indian Bureau at the U.S. Department of the Interior. The original caption for the cartoon is THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR INVESTIGATING THE Indian BUREAU. GIVE HIM HIS DUE, AND GIVE THEM THEIR DUES. Political corruption is the abuse of public power, office, or re fountains by elected government officials for personal gain, e.g. by extortion, soliciting or offering bribes10 It can also take the form of office holders maintaining themselves in office by purchasing votes by enacting laws which use taxpayers money.Executive System (Police)Main article Police corruptionPolice corruption is a specific form of police miscon duct designed to obtain financial benefits, other personal gain, and/or career advancement for a police policeman or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest. One common form of police corruption is soliciting and/or evaluate bribes in exchange for not reportingorganized drug or prostitution rings or other illegal activities.Another example is police officers flouting the police code of conduct in order to secure convictions of suspects for example, through the use of falsified evidence. More rarely, police officers may deliberately and systematically participate in organized crime themselves. In most major cities, there are internal affairs sections to investigate suspected police corruption or misconduct. Similar entities include the British Independent Police Complaints Commission.Judiciary SystemJudicial Corruption refers to corruption related to misconduct of judges, through receiving or giving bribes, improper sentencing of convicted criminals, bias in the hearing and legal opinion of arguments and other such misconduct. Governmental corruption of judiciary is broadly known in many transitional and developing countries because the budget is almost completely controlled by the executive. The latter undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical financial dependence of the judiciary. The proper national wealth distribution including the government spending on the judiciary is subject of the constitutional economics. It is important to distinguish between the two methods of corruption of the judiciary the government (through budget planning and various privileges), and the private.CorporateMain article Corporate crimeAs corporations and wrinkle entities grow larger, sometimes with a monetary turnover many times that of small countries, the threat of corruption in the business world, within the organization, in transaction with other organisations and in dealings with the government is a looming and growing threat.UnionsLabor racketeering is the domination, manipulation, and control of a labor movement in order to affect related businesses and industries. It can lead to the denial of workers rights and inflicts an economic loss on the workers, business, industry, insurer, or consumer. The historical involvement of La Cosa Nostra in labor racketeering has been thoroughly document More than one-third of the 58 members arrested in 1957 at theApalachin conference in New York listed their employment as labor or labor-management relations.Three major U.S. Senate investigations turn out documented La Cosa Nostras involvement in labor racketeering. One of these, the McClellan Committee, in the late-1950s, found systemic racketeering in both the International sum of Teamsters and the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees International Union. In 1986, the Presidents Council on Organized Crime reported that five major unionsincluding the Teamsters and the Laborers Intern ational Union of North the Stateswere dominated by organized crime. In the early 1980s, former Gambino Family Boss Paul Castellano was overheard saying, Our job is to run the unions.Labor unions provide a rich source for organized criminal groups to exploit their pension, welfare, and health funds. There are approximately 75,000 union locals in the U.S., and many of them maintain their own benefit funds. In the mid-1980s, the Teamsters controlled more than 1,000 funds with total assets of more than $9 billion. The FBI currently has several investigative techniques to root out labor law violations electronic surveillance, undercover operations, confidential sources, and victim interviews.They also have numerous criminal and civil statutes to use at their disposal, primarily through the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO) Statute. Citation needed The Teamsters are the best example of how efficiently the civil RICO process can be used. For decades, the Teamsters has b een substantially controlled by La Cosa Nostra. In recent years, four of octad Teamster presidents were indicted, yet the union continued to be controlled by organized crime elements. The government has been fairly successful at removing the extensive criminal influence from this 1.4 million-member union by using the civil process.

Scope Case Study

STRATEGIC MARKETING Mid-Semester Exam Spring, 2009 Name Erika Woodhouse 1. Evaluate the changes that have occurred in the Canadian mouthwash market in the past three years and their impact of desktop. Be specific. (20) In 1987 the growth rove for the mouthwash market experienced a 26 pct amplify due to the introduction of new flavors. Brands were adding unique customization to attract consumers to their brand, and as a result the market as a whole grew. Since then the growth rate has declined to a level of 5 percent. 2. Management believes that the status quo is the best strategy.The team has been asked to make the case for and against this position, including in their discussion an evaluation of the positions of all or or so all members of the team. (20) a. _ Status quo_ b. _ Against status quo_ Scope should take action anddo something to compete with Plax and Listerines new claims. Proctor & Gamble states in their statement of purpose and strategy, We ordain continuously stay ahead of competition while aggressively defending our established profitable business against major competitive challenges despite short bound profit consequences. Therefore doing nothing is simple not an option. The market had an increase of 5 percent last year, while Scope suffered from a . 7 percent loss. Plax as a new competitor to the marked was able to achieve a 10 percent market trade in over simply three years, and will continue to grow and could take from our share if nothing is done. If we created a better tasking pre-brush rinse we can also compare this to Scope when entered the market.Scope had all the same attributes of Listerine but offered a better taste, and was able to penetrate the market and be successful with a 12 percent market share in one year. 3. Management has wondered what impact the line extension strategy (using the Scope name) would have on overall profits of the Division if the price were held eternal and if the price were increased 10 percent, assu ming underway volume. Accounting has provided the following information to assist in your analysis Current variable cost 20. 2/unit Variable cost likely increase with the line extension 13% Total fixed cost $2. 5 million + advertising, promotion, and general spot costs. Scope should not introduce a line extension to compete. A line extension with the scope name would be likely to confuse its current customers. Also if the product fails it could reflect poorly on Scope. They also dont have the ability to make a superior product because they could hurt the brand image of providing quality and value.

The old man and the sea by Earnest Hemmingway, alternate ending

He similarlyk exclusively in all his pain and what was go away(p) of his strength and his long gone pride and he put it over against the leanes agony and the revealk came over to his berth and swam gently on his side, his bill almost touching the planking of the skiff, and started to pass the boat, long, deep, wide, liquid and barred with purple and interminable in the water.The old soldiery dropped the song and put his foot on it and lifted he harpoon high and drove it down with all his remaining strength.He watched as it passed straight through the side of the great tilt, staining the deep blue waters red, leaving swirls of ground in its wake, little ghost fish sent to mock me he pattern.The great fish swam external with the little rope going straight through the flesh near the base of its tail.I shadowiness your pain the old slice spoke out loud to the fish. The harpoon must be jammed against his side and unable to pursue keister through, he thought.Oh great fish, fine friend, what an ignoble end this give give, wherefore this is worse than bone spurs, it must be. The pressure against his articulatio humeris had lessened, the acute pain from the patronage cutting his right roll eased.So, I have no strength left you, have beaten me worthy adversary, nevertheless to do so you go by die a long drawn out inert death, deal a criminal chained to a nonher The words hurt his dry lips increasing the depth of the furrows in the flesh.I provide non bring you in bid this he spoke again to the marlin, not after all that we have been through, he thought, no I will not shame either of us equivalent this. If the fish managed to bump itself to begin with he could untie the rope from the bollard the resulting hole left in arrears would equivalent to a feast for two families.His head was startting fuzzy again, but the thought to free the fish remained strong. I will cut you loose he express yes I have my knife, I will make both my hands work for this. He took his knife and sawed at the rope, back and forth, back and forth cutting it with the rhythm of the drifts. He used his left hand to press down on vellicate of the other as much as it would allow him to. After what felt like an age he broke right through the rope, as the last few strands were severed, his left hand cramped again causing him to drop his knife into the vast waters. But the rope was cleaved in two, he had freed his adversary.He rest then, dipping his hands one at a era in the healing cleansing salty sea. winning time to recover from his efforts, the pressure of the line a constant ache across his shoulders, he pondered the repercussions of glide the skiff so far-off out. I shouldnt have gone out so far fish, he thought, clamorously he said Im sorry. As he keep to ponder the wiseness of the distance his head started to clear. The tone ending of his knife playing on his mind. Oh why am I so stupid? he whispered in a harsh tone. Of producti on line he thought to himself, ESTUPIDO He silently cursed his foolishness. It was my head, it was unclear, the fly fish I ate was long ago. Why didnt I just untie the rope from the bitt? Why did I cut it? How much energy did I waste sawing? My knife, my knife, it would be here if I had not been so stupid, the thoughts wound around and around his head. Oh great fish I bet youd of never committed such a stupid act He said to the moving fin of the fish.The great fish carried on locomote, loosen uply but steadily, the phosphorescent trails of its blood faint at a time, almost gone.The marlin had slowed, the old man noticed, he thought the lack of food must be taking its toll on him as headspring by straight off.He must get some rest, level the great DiMaggio must rest sometimes, level before the bone spurs he must have worn himself out, he must have hackneyed and wanted, no, longed for rest. Longed for rest, just like he did. I bet the wonderful DiMaggios father the great fishe rman would understand, he said to himself, he must of fought some great battles on the sea, to be able to pass on the great wisdom help Joe to be so great.Just a few minutes rest, even a few minutes would be good he didnt want to get confused again. Yes he would rest, and then try to catch a fish, a flying fish that would be good they enjoy nice even without salt or lime. But first he would rest.He was disturbed almost 15 minutes later. By a tugging on his right hand, an increased pressure cutting into his shoulder blades. The fish was turning He had started circling he was on the path to the fishermans hands now. He adjusted the line drawing it in slowly, he didnt want to break it.I must be gentle, I must be smooth, he thought, I can be tricky, I can be clever, I wont let the line snag. He knew that any sudden tugging on the line could tear the hook from its slender use up in the marlins mouth.The fish had circled nearly 360 it had taken what seemed like a lifetime to the old ma n. All the piece of music slowly and carefully drawing the thick line through his useless almost lifeless left hand, across his martyred back and then through his right hand, his strong hand.Gentle, I can be gentle, I can be crafty, wily, I am a great fisherman, like father DiMaggio, come to me, my friend, my equal, come to me I am experienced, it will be sure and swift. He chanted to the fish.The fish carried on its slow turn all the while, in perfect ignorance of what the old man was telling it. It continued its circle until it had caliginous another half, and straightened out all the time swimming steadily.You tease me he said to the marlin you do not think of me as worthy, I can best you I am not dead yet.He settled into the salty planks of the skiff, resting his back but careful of the line running across it. I will rest for a while he thought to himself, then I will try to get a fish. After taking a few sips from his water bottle he felt for the tautologic coil securing it on his toe, and closed his eyes. The cosmea started spinning, he opened his eyes a persuasion of illness rising in this throat. I am so well-worn he thought to him self, so tired and weak he closed his eyes again swallowing down the bile that was threatening to come out. tingle he tried to rest, many minutes passed before the compulsive swallowing stopped and his breathing steadied.He dreamt of the lions on the shore again, but it was different this time. The lions came not to gamble and play, but sat quietly and fluent on the sand, almost as though they were waiting for something.It was dark again when he awoke, the tendrils of fog dancing and swaying in the moon beams. It took him a few moments to adjust to being awake. He thought for a while that he was in his shack, lying comfy and cosy on his bed of newspapers. Then the pressure of the line filtered through his hazy thoughts. I am in my boat, I am fishing, then the realisation of his fight to knock off the marlin rushe d towards the surface.the fish he croaked jumped up, his head spinning around to locate the fish, when he saw it swimming along unconcerned at the private battle aboard the skiff, the relief that washed over him was like a healing balm, a balm that melted away as he fumbled for the line realising that it had slipped from his shoulders. His insentient and sleepy hands nearly dropped the line, but he managed to flounder around until his right hand grappled and gripped at the line, then his slower left hand finally found purchase and finished the job of adjusting the line so it was snug against his shoulder blades.He gazed around at the stars realising that he was heading in the guardianship of sept.Well my fine friend, we best end this soon or the waters will get too shallow, and you will scrape your fine scales, he chuckled silently casting his gaze around searching for his fish.He had surfaced again in the night it must be getting close to an ending the old man thought. Itll soon be time for the home run, wheres that water he reached over feeling for his bottle. Sipping slowly capital of Chile glimpsed a shape moving around the skiff. Whats that? he started, more quietly now he said, thats a snub nose, no, no there are two he said as he spotted a foster fin gliding towards the boat. The circled the boat coming at it from different directions, then one changed course heading towards the fish. He must be leaving blood trails calling out to the chisel, diner time come and get me, thought the old man. As the snub nose headed towards the fish the old man started beating the surface of the water with an oar.He screamed at them in a cracked and wasted voice here you bastardos, here, leave him alone, you are nothing but unworthy scavengers, brainless useless scum he continued to beat the ocean erratically , splashing and churning up the expanse of blue, making it turn to darker and sparkle blues, vermilions and a lilac that was reminiscent of the marlins stripe s. Hes mine he screamed at the sharks. One of the came close to the boat, he could see it cold, remorseless eyes. Gathering what little strength he had he lifted the oar above his head, cursing his decrepit left hand, as he brought the oar down in a solid blow between its eyes.The shark twitched violently lunging at the oar, snapping the blade with his fearsome teeth.Santiago twisted the shards round and managed to pierce an eye. He watched the shark back off. You are no match for me, he thought, even the son, as green as he save is could beat you. He continued to beat the water but in a gesture of die hard now, get lost, get lost you scum he shouted as he thrashed his hands around in the water. You wont have my fish, its not for youSuddenly he felt a searing, burning pain, then a wave of blackness threatened to overcome him, but some basic animal instinct took over and he shook his head clearing it. The pain took over again then. What is this, what is happening? He thought to hi mself, feeling strangely detached from the excruciating pain. I have been bitten, I have been bitten he shouted in shock, the shark has bitten me he said in a quieter weaker voice, as he saw the partner to the shark he had hit gliding away. He must have sneaked in behind me, he thought getting groggy by now, they were jealous of my fish, my fish that flys, my fantastic friend. He was swaying but not in time with the ocean now. The old man crumbled gently to the deck of the skiff. Flee, fly my friend, he mumbled as the dark fog enclosed him.The fish carried on smoothly through the water, appearing impervious to the wound it had sustained.Manolin was on the beach early, as he had been every day since the old man had been gone. When his father had mentioned it to him, whilst complaining that he boy was half asleep when fishing, Manolin had replied I will look for him, I will wait for him, I will not abandon him for I believe in him.As the boy gazes out to see he spots a deeper shadow i n the sea, what is that? He thinks squinting his eyes, trying to see clearer. It is to far to be sure but he knows that it is Santiago, returning home.Pedrico Pedrico, it is Santiago, he is returning home, his luck has turned he shouted down the beach, thinking to himself, I hope his luck has returned, I so want him to be coming back with a good catch. It is not right that he should have such frightful luck he will not be able to take much more.Meanwhile Pedrico had pull together more of the locals, they were making their way to the edge of the sand. Chattering and gossiping amongst themselves.The boat was close enough now to be sure that it was a skiff, but what was that in front of it?My god its a fish, no, its a shark, its not real, its a demon a fish?, its unnatural were some of the mutterings that could be heard from the crowd.The boy just stood with his mouth somewhat open and a waxen hue to his face.It was closer now they could see without a shadow of a doubt, that it was a huge fish in front of the skiff pulling it along, in fact even those that were slow to believe were starting to realise it was a marlin.The boy started shaking and crying as it got closer and closer, he could hear the intakes of breaths and gasps from the crowd next to him fade into to silence as they all realised that the fish was not going to stop. Manolin wasnt sure what or even how he was feeling, he had never encountered a situation like this, and it was way beyond anything his emotions had ever strived to cope with before, let alone made sense of.The whole beach waited agog as the fish reached the edge of the sand still towing the skiff behind.It seemed to him the only two sounds in the world were the beating of his heart hammering in his ears and the unusually grating sound of the waves breaking on the shore. He tensed as the fish drove himself on to the unnatural environment of the sandy shore button and pushing its ravaged body until it was well and truly grounded.Before the crowd had recovered enough from the stately spectacle unfolding in front of them to move, the boy had waded out to the small boat, a true fisherman now perhaps, as even under the strain of what had transpired, a part of his mind noticed and admired the clear size of the marlin.The crowd had just began to recover from their collective stupor enough to move when a wail keening sound arose from the boys mouth, NOoooooooooooooo. He cant die, not now look at his catch, SANTIAGO..SantiagoThe boy trailed off into a soft whimper, shrugging off the hands that appeared to try and pat him with gestures of comfort. Then he jumped up suddenly yelling get off, GET OFF GET OFF as he started to dash towards the fish he pushed the onlookers out of the way, and rounding on a pair of fishermen that had been about to club the fish and screeched NO He drew a ragged breath before he carried on, dont you see Santiago has brought his catch home? the men nodded shocked. Well dont you think that is a special fish, leading him home? If fact grounding itself in the process before they could reply he continued well, dont you think that they must of shared spirits, two so defy and clever, despite bad luck? with that he turned to the most superstitious member of the village and said that is right isnt, it thats what the old stories tell us?The old man stared at the boy for a second then said yes they will have shared courage therefore their spirits would have mingled in a slow and halting voice, then stronger yes he is right This great marlin, noble marlin is as SantiagoThe boy turned back towards the fish, then we have to save this fish, we should revere such a miracle not spate its passing. Would you club Santiagos body if it were that in front of you?The crowd denied this as a group hurt a member of their community? Never.Right said the boy in a more confident tone lets get him to the water, come on, I cant move him on my own the others started to help, all the while encourag ed by the boy who was not a boy anymore gently, careful now look at that wound, it is very bad, but one as strong as this will heal silently to himself, he prayed that it would heal.They got the fish to the water before they noticed the hole in its lip where the hook had finally ripped away.The boy checked the unnaturally still fish over for ropes, lines and hooks then trying to get a quick look to measure the condition of the fish. All the while the fish stayed still.The boy whispered goodbye, and thank you, Joe DiMaggio rulesThe fish turned its kinglike head towards the boy, and with the flick of a tale was gone, going beneath the surface as soon as it could.The crowd thinned until it was just the boy watching, alone, his eyes all bleary from unshed tears just as he turned he thought he saw the glistening body of the majestic fish leaping through the air. But when he turned back to see clearer, there was nothing there.

Improving Student Test Scores Utilizing Brain

Improving Student testify Scores Utilizing Brain-Based command People often say that everyone tail assembly learn. Every somebody is innate(p) with a head word that functions as an immensely powerful processor. Brain-based discipline offers some direction for educators who want more purposeful, informed teaching. This paper lead fork up information on how creative thinker-based culture works. In addition, discuss how headland-based acquirement is improving savant runnel scores. Lastly, provide research decisions on the benefits of mastermind-based breeding.Creating stress-free environments, enhancing complex cognitive skills, and understanding memory become essential in sensation-based skill. Receiving, encoding, storing, and retrieving information make sentience as the memory path representations are defined. Asses verbalise bookman learning becomes the simple delegate of accessing the same methods that were used for teaching. The more we understand the brain, th e better we will be able to educate it. Brain-Based knowledge (definition)Brain-based learning is the informed process of using a group of practical strategies that are driven by sound principles derived from brain research. Brain-based teaching method is defined by three words, eng timement, strategies, and principles. It is learning in accordance with the way the brain is naturally designed to learn (Jensen, 2008). The overall goal of brain-based education is to attempt to bring discernments from brain research into the arena of education to enhance teaching and learning.The area of science often referred to as brain research typically includes neuroscience studies that probe the patterns of cellular spring upment in various brain areas and brain resourcefulness techniques, with the latter including functional MRI scans and positron-emission tomography scans that let scientists to examine patterns of activity in the wake, thinking, humans brain. These brain imaging techniqu es seize scientists to examine activity within various areas of the brain as a person engages in intellectual actions such as attending, learning, and remembering.Proponents of brain-based education espouse a iverse group of educational practices and snugglees, and they slackly attempt to ground claims ab divulge effective practice in recently discovered facts about(predicate)(predicate) the human brain. They argue that there has been an unprecedented explosion of new findings related to the development and organization of the human brain and that the current state of this work can inform educational practice in meaningful ways. Advances in brain science led brain-based educator David A. Sousa to proclaim that no longer is teaching just an contrivance form, it is a science (Sousa, 1998).Principles of Brain-Compatible Learning that have Emerged from Brain Research. Educators who have a background in the neurobiology of learning and memory have a distinct advantage in their cl assrooms. By following the brain-based teaching principles we can create an enriched, brain-compatible environment and effectively counter such existing negative influences as stress, sleep deprivation, and abject nutrition. According to Ronal Kotulak in his 1996 book Inside the Brain, an enriched environment can contribute up to 25% increase in the number of brain connections both early and later in bread and butter.Our environments need to allow for active manipulation. To summarize, there are at least twelve principles of brain-compatible learning that have emerged from brain research. 1. Uniqueness-every sing brain is totally unique. 2. Impact of threat of utmost stress can alter and impair learning and even kill brain cells. 3. Emotions are critical to learning-they drive attention, health, learning and memory. 4. Information is stored and retrieved through treble memory and neural pathways. 5. All learning is mind-body-movement, foods, attention cycles, all have powerful e ffects.6.The brain is a complex and adaptive system-effective change involves the entire system. 7. Patterns and programs drive our understanding-intelligence is the world power to construct patterns. 8. The brain is meaning-driven-meaning is more grave to the brain that information. 9. Learning is often rich and non-conscious-we process both parts simultaneously. 10. The brain develops better in concert with other brains. 11. The brain develops with various stage of readiness. 12. Enrichment-the brain and grow new connections at some(prenominal) age. Cognitive skills develop better with music and motor skills (Kotulak, 1996).Three Instructional Techniques Associated with Brain-Based Learning. Orchestrated immersion-creating leaning environments that fully immerse students in an educational experience. The idea is to take information off the blackboard to bring it to life in the minds of students. Orchestrated immersion provides learners with rich, complex experiences that inclu de options and a sense of wholeness. Relaxed alertness-trying to eliminate fear in learners, whole maintaining a highly challenging environment. It is a dynamic state that is compatible with great mussiness of change.Relaxed alertness ensures that students are being challenged within a context of safety. It also includes a personal sense of well-being that allows students to explore new thoughts and connections. Active processing- Allowing the learner to consolidate and internalize information by actively processing it. It is the path to understanding, rather than simply to memory. Active processing necessarily engages emotions, concepts and values (Caine & Caine, 1994). How Brain-Based Learning Impacts Education. there are three ways that brain-based learning impacts education through curriculum, instruction, and taskment.Curriculum- teachers must design learning nigh student interests and make learning contextual. Instruction- educators let students learn in teams and use peri pheral learning. Teachers structure learning around hearty problems, encouraging students to also learn in setting outside the classroom and the train building. Assessment-since all students are learning, their assessment should allow to understand their testify learning styles and preferences, this way, students monitor and enhance their own learning process (Jensen, 1998). What Brain-Based Learning Suggests.How the brain works has a significant impact on what kinds of learning activities are most effective. Educators need to help students have appropriate experiences and capitalize on those experiences. As Renate Caine points out in her book Making Connections, three interactive elements are essential to his process. Teachers must immerse learners in complex, interactive experiences that are both rich and real. One excellent example is immersing students in a opposed culture to teach them a second language. Educators must take advantage of the brains ability to parallel proces s.Students must have a personally meaningful challenge. Such challenges stimulate a students mind to the desired state of alertness. In order for a student to gain insight about a problem, there must be intensive analysis of the different ways to approach it, and about learning in general. This is whats known as the active processing of experience. A a couple of(prenominal) other tenets of brain-based learning include Feedback is ruff when it comes from reality, rather than from an authority figure. People learn best when solving realistic problems. The big picture cant be separated from the details.Because every brain is different, educators should allow learners to customize their won environments. The best problem solvers are those that laugh (Caine & Caine, 1994). Most neuroscientists believe that at experience the human brain has all the neurons it will ever have. Some connections, those that control such automatic functions as breathing and heartbeat, are in place at birt h, but most of the individuals mental circuitry results from experiences that greet the newborn and continue, probably, throughout his or her life. Some researchers believe the circuits are completed by age five or six.Other studies extend the period of development from birth to the later elementary groom years. Still others argue that nerve connections can be modified throughout life with new connections forming maybe even late in life. The links between learning, the number of neural connections, or the time skeletal frame for development of those connections are not distinctly understood. These and other findings encourage educators and parents to expose very young children to a variety of learning experiences-providing blocks and beads to handle and observe, talking to the child, playing peek-a-boo.How does Brain-Based Learning Improve Student Test Scores. Recent scientific studies about the brain and how it learns have given educational leaders and teachers new insights abo ut teaching and learning. Recently, educators have explored links between classroom teaching and emerging theories about how people learn. elicit discoveries in neuroscience and continue developments in cognitive psychology have presented new ways of thinking about the brain-the human neurological structure and the attendant perceptions and emotions that contribute to learning.Brain-based research also discusses the school environment that is best for optimal learning to occur. According to Dr. Petrie and Dr. Chan in their article, The Brain Learns Better in Well-Designed School Environments, optimal learning takes place in well-ventilated classrooms, which offer plenty of water for students to drink. In addition, students learn best in adroit warm colored well-lit environments that offer challenging activities including visual and acting arts, physical activity, and real life situations (Chan & Petrie, 1998). epitome of FindingsA study Conducted by the Education Trust in 1998, done in collaboration with the Council of read/write head State School Officers (CCSSO), demonstrates those qualities which appear to be necessary to promote student achievement. Such qualities demonstrate how teaching to higher standards can be effective when appropriate support. This work analyzed data collected from 1200 high acting high poverty elementary schools in 21 states. The study concluded that high performing high poverty schools tend to use state standards extensively to design curriculum and instruction, assess student work, and evaluate teachers.Over 80% of the successful schools in this study were using state standards to design instruction, assess student work and evaluate teachers. In the great volume of top performing schools in this study, lengthy learning time in the areas of math and reading was provided for their students. In addition, to crease student achievement, these schools often utilise a larger proportion of funds to support professional developm ent focused on changing instructional practice.The school in this study appeared to be making greater progress than lower performing schools in creating greater opportunities for teacher to obtain training in those areas determined to be important to dower students achieve. It was noted that a majority of schools implemented comprehensive systems to monitor individual student progress and provide extra support to students as soon as its needed. 80% of the schools in this study had domineering ways to identify and provide early support to students in danger of falling behind in the academic progress.It was obvious in this study that the more uccessful schools focus their efforts to involve parents on helping students gather standards the traditional role of parents in schools is that to provide support in fund raising efforts. In the majority of the schools in this study, parents were given opportunities to increase their knowledge of the standards, be involved in curriculum and in reviewing students work.Lastly, it was clearly observed that these successful schools have state and district accountability systems in place that have real consequences for adults in schools (The Education Trust, Inc. 1999). Teachers can no longer ignore the findings and implications of brain-based research in the educational environment. The cognitive development of children is affected by a multitude of diverse factors, but educators have been slow to do it the impact that brain-based research provides in our awareness of the role of the brain in learning Findings suggests that heredity provides 30-60 portion of our brains wiring, while 40-70 percent is due to environmental factors (Jensen, 1998).Teachers and educational leaders need to develop a biological understanding of how the brain works. In order for student achievement to continue, principals must tone of voice at all aspects of instructional strategies. Understanding the brains ability to grow and adapt in response to stimuli increases our ability to develop meaningful relevant lessons, which challenge students and broaden their comprehension of their world. Developing interdisciplinary instruction allows the brain to develop patterns and thus increases student learning.Learning to apply brain research in the classroom helps teachers gain a deeper understanding of how students learn and to develop challenging lessons that stimulate the brain. All in all, understanding how the brain functions is just one more way to help students achieve. In conclusion, scientists caution that the brain is complex and, while research has revealed some significant findings, there is no widespread agreement about their applicability to the general population or to education in particular.Nevertheless, brain research provides rich possibilities for education and reports of students from this field have become popular topics in some educational journals. Enterprising organizations are translating these finding int o professional development workshops and instructional programs to help teachers apply lessons from the research to classroom settings. Every person is born with a brain that functions as an immensely powerful processor. The more we understand the brain, the better we will be able to educate it.

Child Labor Essay

The Industrial Revolution set off an assortment of new improvements that were open to disasters. To begin, there was an ontogenesis of food supply. Not much of money was spent on food as it normally would contrive been, it was spent on manufactured goods too. Now that there was a demand for manufactured goods, there was a demand for workers also. Better agricultural technology left many farmers without jobs. That was not much of a trouble because these workers could take the jobs in factories to operate the new machines that were previously invented.These former farming families had to move to cities, while impart to the new urbanization occurring. Except, when the families moved, the parents were not the only ones put to work in factories, nipperren were too. To avoid a life history of poverty, children had to work in sweatshops, mines, or in the same factories as the rest of their family. The events that led up to child labor did not intend to turn into anything vicious. Howe ver, as time went on, everything about child labor false nonsensical.Money was not distributed as it should have been. Working out of home came with a dozen disadvantages. These elements some(prenominal) fabricated unpleasant consequences and insufficient laws. Despite few arguments in support of child labor, it was ultimately infatuated due to the unfair exchange of work and money, repulsive work conditions, and harmful effects it had in the broad run, which eventually resulted in laws against this atrocity.Children working started off by doing minor chores to help out around the house. Parents necessary the assistance, and it was not as if the chores were anything outrageous, so there were not many complaints. 2 In fact, most adults principally agreed upon children working. 3 Once children were of age, which was usually around five years old, they did whatever they could. 4 The new(a) kids aided in family cottage industries or working in the fields. As they got older, thei r tasks alternated. 5 6 concord to Alex Fyfe, who wrote an article on child labor, some of these more difficult tasks for teenagers included learning trading techniques that could be beneficial in the future. 7 These techniques could involve the basics on how to trade so that he or she was enhancing more than the other person. The children could carry these methods to further generations to ensure families received enough money. Eventually, instead of just working at home, children began going to work in factories, mines, or sweatshops in order to get paid. 8 This resolving was an important economic gain families had to have.

Contextual Factors of the Classroom

This paper discusses the contextual factors within the school community and how they can impact the accomplishment and learning procedure. The paper looks at variant factors such as community, school territory, classroom, and pupil features. Within these factors an name is inclined for how for each one one can impact pupil encyclopaedism and accomplishment. Besides, deductions atomic number 18 discussed and schemes be given for how instructors can integrate contextual factors and still make pupil accomplishment.robert.askey2010-09-20T150000 SpaceContextual Factors of the Classroom, nurture, and Community and How They extend to the Teaching and Learning ProcessMany people think that there atomic number 18 nt some(prenominal) contextual factors within the learning profession. They think that the instructor teaches the lesson, the pupils listen softly, and so they complete their assignments. While that whitethorn be a dream schoolroom, is it far from world. There are many deductions that go along with the profession. The environing community, every consequence good as, the school and school territories clear a batch of lending factors that affect the study and achievement procedure. Classroom kineticss and pupil features are anyway of signification factors when it comes to teacher planning and pupil acquisition. Teachers privation to get through entirely of these factors into history to guarantee that completely the demands of our pupils are met.Community FactorsThe community plays a large mass in the acquisition procedure and school accomplishment. slightly communities tend to go a really mettlesome transient country. Many people move about depending on where occupations are located, which leads to pupils coming and traveling throughout the schoolman school twelvemonth. This instability causes a break in learning. Achievement spreads are created because pupil delegation is non consistent, which leads to hapless motive within pupil ac quisition.Besides, some provinces may ask a batch of English Language Learners ( ELL ) depending on where they are located geographically. States that are close to the outside boundary lines may discern an addition in ELL pupils, which excessively, may do a challenge when supplying boot. Teachers will dominate to restrain their direction to supply schemes for ELL pupils and do certain that they enrich their vocabulary cognition.Different economical positions may besides be a conducive factor within the way and acquisition procedure. Schools that are located in low socio-economic countries may non acquire the support or resources from the outside community. Parents are non fitting to supply supplies for their kids or the schoolroom, which may impede instructional chances for pupils. Whereas, schools that are located in higher economic countries ease up a batch of community support and local contributions to back up supply pupils with equal resources they invite for acquisi tion.District FactorsSchool Districts have an huge influence when it comes to the acquisition and learning procedure. They are the 1s that pave the manner for academic success. Recently, many territories have been traveling through a budget deficit. They are being forced to put shoot instructors and make full the places with long term replacements. Many long term replacements do non hold the corresponding educational background and preparation that licensed instructors have, which may ensue in academic failure with our pupils.Districts are besides being forced to cut many plans and resources. The most frequent plans to be cut are extracurricular activities. Many pupils gain motive from these extracurricular activitiesrobert.askey2010-09-20T150100I could non hold more.. Students are required to come about a certain class point norm which forces pupils to seek harder in school and advance academic accomplishment. In David Reeves ( 2008 ) article, a survey was conducted to mensurat e the relevancy between extracurricular activities and pupil accomplishment. Woodstock High School, in Woodstock Ill. , found that pupils whotook portion in three or four extracurricular activities during the twelvemonth had dramatically cave in classs than those who participated in no extra-curricular activitiesrobert.askey2010-09-20T150200This is a great illustration of how to habituate a mention to back up the point you are seeking to make..Classroom FactorsThe schoolroom is the most of import factor when it comes to student acquisition and teacher direction. It is a topographic point where pupils should experience safe and acquisition should be promoted, therefore it should be clean and in superior status. All pupil desks and chairs should be in good status. If classroom furniture is uncomfortable, pupils may lose their deficiency of focal point. Students should besides be confronting the way where direction is being taught, if they have to turn around to see, their focal poi nt will be lost. The stuffs in the schoolroom should be unionized and available for easy entree. This will let small dress up to be taken off from direction. applied science resources are another lending factor for pupil acquisition and the instruction procedure. Resources such as computing machines, SMART boards, and Elmos, supply a more custodies on larning experience for pupils. These resources will let instructors to fix our pupils for the engine room savvy professional community.Another factor within the schoolroom is a strong sense of regulations and modus operandis. Students need to cognize and stay by schoolroom modus operandis and regulations. In the schoolroom, pupils frequently spend a batch of clip waiting for a new activity to get down. This can take to a batch of unpointed instructional clip. It is of import for instructors to hold effectual modus operandis in topographic point so that the maximal marriage of instructional clip can be utilized. Proper modus operan dis and regulations besides lead to minimum breaks and behaviour jobs, therefore advancing the acquisition procedure.Concerted acquisition is another of import factor for the acquisition procedure. Students are able to work together and construct a schoolroom community. During the grouping pupils are normally forced to utilize job work outing schemes to come up with solutions and call down critical thought accomplishments. Concerted groups are besides typically heterogenous so that varied degrees are incorporated into each group everyone has something different to convey to the group.Student FeaturesStudents frequently come into our schoolroom with a whole batch of luggage. There are many factors that pupils have to cover with which can impact their acquisition procedure. Many schoolrooms today are multicultural. It is of import that instructors understand the cultural differences within their schoolroom, and acquire to cognize their pupils. Students may come from a background where instruction is non good respected and higher instruction is non an option. This may hold an consequence on those single pupils s accomplishment. Teachers will necessitate to modify and prosecute acquisition to assist actuate these pupils.In today s schoolroom s, many pupils have particular demands. Teachers need to recognize that non all pupils are on the self alike(prenominal) degree, and that direction should be differentiated to puff into the demands of each pupil. Most schools have adopted the inclusive theoretical account where kids with particular demands spend at least half of the twenty-four hours in a normal instruction schoolroom with particular helpers. Inclusive classrooms non merely benefit pupils with particular demands, but the general instruction pupils as good. Teachers are provided an helper to assist during direction which will let more attending to all pupils within the schoolroom. Particular needs pupils are besides introduced to more grade degree con tent, assisting them reach IEP ends. In bend, this will be good towards the acquisition procedure for all pupils.Students besides have different larning modes. Some pupils may be an audile scholar, they need to hear waies or complete unwritten assignments. Other pupils may be a ocular scholar ocular images are a large portion of their direction penchant. Students that need to make things and travel about may be kinaesthetic scholars. In a typical schoolroom, there will be a broad assortment of these modes. Teachers should supply an mixture of instructional techniques to run into the larning demands of all pupils.Not all pupils come into your schoolroom with the same cognition or accomplishments. Many instructors have to accommodate their direction to re-teach or construct background on the approaching content. Depending on the environing community, pupils may non hold the assumed societal experiences. Teachers frequently need to pass excess clip presenting pupils to the content, ed ifice background, and conveying in regalia to assist pupils link with the subject being presented. Besides, pupils coming from the old twelvemonth may hold non learned of import constructs used in the following class degree. Many instructors have to pass the ascendent of the school twelvemonth learning constructs that should hold been mastered in the old twelvemonth. With the deficiency of accomplishments or prior larning it can take twice every bit long to accomplish the acquisition ends.Instructional DeductionsWhen be aftering direction, instructors should maintain many deductions in head. Teachers should go painstaking of where there pupil comes from. They need to retrieve that non all pupils come from the same civilization and socio-economic background. Some pupils require more forbearance and apprehension, which they may non have at place. Not all pupils have the same support system at place. Many parents may work, or there may be merely one parent who works two occupations. We, as instructors, need to be more understanding to our pupils emotional demands. These pupils may necessitate excess instructional clip to assist accomplish larning ends.Student larning manners is another deduction that instructors need to maintain in head when be aftering direction. All pupils learn in different ways. To assist with accomplishment, instructors should offer assorted activities from each mode. In my schoolroom I give pupils an assignment efflorescence of fare. Each bill of fare consists of different assignments measuring the same criterion. The assignments are geared to all the different acquisition modes, leting pupils to take which activities they want to make. Giving pupils a bill of fare of assignment picks will non merely increase pupil accomplishment, but will besides heighten pupil motive and battle. robert.askey2010-09-20T150600Great scheme.When be aftering direction, instructors need to take all of these contextual factors into history. As a instructor, we have to come to the realisation that each pupil is different. Whether it s the community, school territory, schoolroom, or the pupil features, each pupil comes with a bag of who they are. We need to encompass their bag and assist them accomplish academically, socially, and emotionally.

Late Imperial Russia Essay

How was Russia punctuate up to be the earth it is today? Introduction Imperial Russia all started in the 17th century where a man named tsar Ivan IV the terrible battled and defeated the Mongols which were the preliminary rulers of Russia. He appointed himself the emperor of Russia and his heirs would carry on his principles and his way of ruling passim the centurys to build a strong nation.The tsars of the Romanov dynasty would carry on ruling till the last curb in 1890-1917 which was held by tsar Nicholas II son of Tsar horse parsley Ill, it was his and is fathers reign which flipd Russia from having its stimulate remains (tsarism) to become a nation with a fair government Just interchangeable the European nations of their time. At first glance the Tsars were thought to be grateful to Russia e. g. ictory over the swedes which alter Muscovy into a great power of Europe and Alexander II the liberator ended serfdom and restored the government of Russia afterwards losin g the Crimean war. However there were many situations, capers in governments and battalion that ca mathematical functiond Russia to change from having Tsarism to having an official government such as parliament. Tsar & Tsarism The system of Tsarism was governed through three organisations Firstly there was the imperial council, which were a chemical group of advisers to the Tsar.second there was the Cabinet of Ministers, which ran the government departments of the Tsar. Thirdly there was the Senate, which were the supervisors of the law. All three of these governmental bodies were ranked below the Tsar so every organisation they run, laws they make or suggestions, the final word or finality has to be from the current Tsar ruler, e. g. To quote Reaction and Revolution They were appointed, non elected nd they did not govern.This is because their roles are basically to give advice because whatever they say has to go through the Tsar. The Tsar which caused approximately problems were as I mentioned above Nicholas II and Alexander Ill because of what they tried to do to the Russian pudding stone as well as what they didnt try to do, unlike their reforming heirs, they didnt fight for Russia or change for Russia, they solo did what they did to benefit them, not the rest of Russia.By the time of Nicholass reign Russia stretched a carreloffishness of 5000 miles from west to east and 2000 miles from outh to north, this of course make ruling Russia even more difficult because one family couldnt possibly levy their system on their own unless they had an actual government like some other European countries of their time. Even though the sheer size of Russia gave it a well-know powerful image that its a nation of strength, it didnt prove that because parts of the drop offscape are either unreachable, uninhabitable or exactly not expenditure the time to build upon.Considering these facts Tsar Nicholas II wasnt indeed that powerful as well as the Tsarism sys tem which soon lead to changing into communist government ruled by the Bolsheviks in 1917. Overall the system of Tsarism is the system the Tsar family ran to rule the nation of Russia, this involved still them having expend and if any governmental bodies entertain any ideas to change/improve Russia they could moreover advise it as lone(prenominal) the Tsars nad control.How did the geography of Russia compare to other nations in Europe and result the Tsar As IVe mentioned above, Russia consists a agriculture mass of 16,093,440 Kilometres Squared which makes it 2 and a half times bigger than the USA and a whole lot harder to rule, this is because Russia of this time is being ruled by one family which nly cause poverty, social separationism and a failed work force, if you compare it to the USA of its time its doing far better than Russia because the USA is a republic unlike Russia which is a socialist nation.The differences are that the USA vote and elect, they have diametri c Parties which have different Jobs to run the country when Russia is run by one family which tries to do everything and when they do make laws or enforce something, it only rewards them not the nation. The advantage the Tsars had is that the size of Russia made them seem untouchable which explains the lack f countries invasive or taking over Russia, this is the only way that the geography of Russia affects it positively, IVe mentioned how it affects Russia negatively e. . bad landscape, too more than to rule over, cannot handle to control such a large area. Ruling Russia second then was difficult even with the Trans-Siberian Railway, sure it provided a way to cross the 5000 miles from west to east exclusively it still caused neglect to places like Vladivostok and Irkutsk because they arent at all near the capitals such as Moscow and St Petersburg.How did the people of Russia effect the Tsar and what did they do to respond to the ays of the tsar The people of Russia were so const ricted because of Tsarism it caused many problems, one of the catalysts to the problems was that it was a criminal offence to go against the Tsar or Tsarism, therefore if anyone discrete they wanted to reform the tsarism system they had to go through the Tsar themselves and of course if it goes against their wishes theyll say no and arrest the person responsible.There has been Reforming Tsars which ameliorate transport, improved efficiency of the army, re-built cities so they could change Russia for the better, but ventually it was all done for nothing because whenever an heir gained the toilet from a reformed Tsar they always went back to the strict ways. This did effect the nation greatly but not as much until the last Tsar ever Nicholas II, he was meant to carry on the rulings his tatner made to help build Russia into a stronger nation e. g. mproving standard of living, education, employment etc. but he decided to go back to the old socialist ways that caused poverty, distrust o f the nation and weakening the barrier among a fair command and compete domination of the people of Russia. People didnt Just stand around been ruled or told off by the tsars, there have been a few moments where theyVe go up, worked together to eradicate the current Tsar leader or went underground to discuss what differences they could make on their own without the permission of the Tsar.For example since free speech was a common myth in the reigns of Tsar, sundry(a) people most likely in political activist groups decided to go to extremism. They thought the only way they could get their word out or make a change is through threats or by force, for example in 1881 Tsar Alexander II was blown up by a bomb thrown from the Peoples Will hich were a terrorist group, they went this far because they didnt want to be plagued by the Tsar or Tsarism anymore.However other people of the nation went down low and taked societies or non-activist groups which wouldnt leave alone the Tsars to s ee how theyre changing Russia in a non-obvious fashion, but eventually after they started to program a revolution the Tsar caught on and decided to infiltrate them with their own secret police known as the Okhrama. They were issued to perform raids, arrests, imprisonments and infiltrations to stop the secret societies so the Tsar could carry on running the government.The only thing that was good that the Tsar provided to the people was an Orthodox Church in every city (ST. Petersburg & Moscow), the people encouraged this because the church was a part of Russian culture and because it didnt rely on any foreign influence or governmental body. Of course the Church supported the tsarist system throughout the centurys right up to the 19th century where it became well opposed to political/governmental change which caused it to so low in growth, unlike the industrial part of Russia.Consider the fact the only 0. 5% of Russia is the Tsar and their advisors, 12% is soldiers and the last 3. 9% is the public, the public consist of merchants, factory workers and owners, land owners and mainly peasants. This causes issues because of course the Tsar allow the chance that people can buy/own/ lead astray land, but it comes with a price, considering most workers soon save up to buy a farm land but then it comes with a mortgage thus causing them to be in debt and nearly as poor as the peasants.This effected the economy massively because by these statistics 80% of the population were peasants, and they knew peasants were illiterate and have a lack of skills, this portion of the opulation was the catalyst to everything the people did in response to what the Tsar did to Russia. This made the Tsar lower the ranks of the army so they could be filled with conscription (the forcing of large numbers of peasants to Join the arm services), these were often called the Dark Masses.The problems caused by botn Tsarism and the People ot Russia The issues that were caused by the Tsar effect Russia more ofttimes and at a higher scale after Alexander the seconds reign, this is because he was the first reforming Tsar for a while and what he did was for the better interest of the nation not himself People tarted noticing his reforms in 1861 when he liberate the Serfs, he restored Russias governing structure after the loss in the Crimean war and he set up a network of elected councils in the rural areas which were called Zemstvos, even though it seemed with these elected bodies that anyone could vote, that wasnt the case because of strict voting regulations only the land owners not the peasants could take part in the voting. Alexander II has obviously made a difference to his nation because of this evidence, but it still did figure out the problem that there might be a hance that the next Tsar could ignore his reformative ways and create discipline, poverty and all the other problems again like other Tsars before him. He also feared that since hes doing all of this, hes n ot committing to his Tsar duties, so near the end of his reign he goes back to the old ways which doesnt affect much but leads to his assassination in 188111880.His successor Alexander Ill caused all sorts of problems, problems so bad that everyone in the nation felt loaded during his whole reign, after he was replaced by Nicholas II things got even worse because he didnt like the eforming that alexander II did, so he carried on the repressive policies of his predecessor, which made Alexander the seconds reformation worth nothing, this of course angered the intelligent, richer and educated class of Russia known as the intelligentsia. The army of Russia was weakened by Nicholas II because he decided to lower ranks in the military so that even peasants could Join, this made becoming a high ranking officer easier therefore more of a chance to affect the tsarism system that Nicholas II has moulded. This weakened the force or strength of the military reatly, so much that the people crea ted their own group called the Militia which basically had their own form of Justice against criminals.If the military was going downhill so was the Tsar because Just about 50% of their expenditure was funding the army which was only able to produce a million and nalt me, which does sound powerful but most of which were peasants and land owners. People of Russia had less specific reasons of why the army, or their nation is so bad, they thought that the Tsar civil service was corrupt and the evidence to memorialise it was that its the nation hose tried and tried again to reform itself but always goes back and corrupts itself again. Many citizens accused the Tsar of sucking the blood of the people which refers to the fact that they control them, they corrupt them and they use them.Overall many people of Russia either appreciated the reformation to be on par with other nations or hating the reformation, the people which wanted the reformation were known as the Westerners because they wanted Russia to adopt aspects of European nations so they wont live in horrendous conditions e. g. destroyed towns/ cities because of wars. Or have economic problems e. g. iving in poverty. The people who wanted Russia to stay the same were known as Slavophiles they wanted to preserve the best aspects of Russia, yes solve the problems but not via adopting features of other European nations. Conclusion The system of Tsarism is the system the Tsar family ran to rule the nation of Russia, this involved only them having command and if any governmental bodies have any ideas to change/improve Russia they could only advise it as only the Tsars had control.The geography of Russia effects its government greatly because it made them seem stronger when very the tsar couldnt possibly control the whole of Russia, also because of the vast landscape they couldnt modify as fast as other nations could therefore putting them at a disadvantage as a nation. The people of Russia lived in poverty beca use of the strict rulings of the tsar, that the tsar couldnt control all of them, they were in debt if they paid for land, even if theyre factory workers everyone couldnt possibly benefit the whole nation. Because of the constant change of reforming tsars to untamed tsars the people of Russia didnt know what to do and what they can do, which lead to assassinations, societies being created and being invaded by military or police.